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关键词： 头颈部恶性肿瘤   检验诊断   生物治疗   心理疾病   康复治疗   心理干预   相关检验   副作用  

摘要： 调查显示,头颈部恶性肿瘤发病人数呈逐年上升趋势,已经成为世界上第六大常见癌症,同时也是全球第八大致死性癌症。我国头颈部恶性肿瘤的发病率>5%,其主要的治疗方式为手术和化疗。有超过70%的患者需要在治疗过程中同步进行放疗、生物治疗等联合康复治疗。在整个治疗过程中,患者一般会有较为严重的副作用,再加上自身外观的变化,极易导致患者产生相关心理疾病。

关键词： EMSLIBS contest   Chemometrics   Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS)   Machine learning   Classification benchmark  

摘要： We present results of the classification contest organized for the EMSLIBS 2019 conference. For this publication, we chose only the five best approaches and discussed their algorithm in detail. The main focus of the contest reflected both recent and long-term challenges of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) data processing. The contest was designed with a purpose to raise a challenge in handling and processing a very large dataset, containing high-dimensional elemental spectra. For the contest, 138 samples were measured using a lab-based LIBS system. In total, the data set consisted of 70,000 spectra, separated into 12 classes according to their elemental composition. Due to its extensivity and complexity, the data set is unique within the LIBS community. The central idea was to simulate the so-called "out-of-sample" classification (i.e. according to similar elemental composition), implying various real-world applications. Even more, it reflects the current level of expertise in the LIBS community and the capability of the LIBS method itself.

关键词： Affinity propagation   Sample entropy   EEMD   Intrinsic mode functions   Bearing fault signal classification  

摘要： For bearing fault signal classification, the performance of the affinity propagation (AP) method is limited by its way of measuring similarity. In this paper, we have proposed an improved version for the AP method, which is termed as IMFSE-AP. The key point of the proposed IMFSE-AP method is the improvement on the way of measuring signal similarity. Instead of the Euclidean distance, a novel method based on the sample entropy of IMFs (IMFSE) is proposed, which can measure signal similarities better with respect to data complexity. In the proposed similarity measurement method, signals are first decomposed into IMFs by the EEMD method. Then the distances of sample entropy vectors of IMFs are computed to evaluate similarities between signals. Numerical experiments conducted on synthetic signals and real bearing fault signals illustrate the good performance of the proposed method. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： psychosis   genetics   polygenic risk score   exposome   environmental risk score  

摘要： Gene-environment (GxE) interactions have been related to psychosis spectrum disorders, involving multiple common genetic variants in multiple genes with very small effect sizes, and several environmental factors that constitute a dense network of exposures named the exposome. Here, we aimed to analyze GxE in a cohort of 310 first-episode psychotic (FEP) and 236 healthy controls, by using aggregate scores estimated in large populations such as the polygenic risk score for schizophrenia and (PRS-SCZ) and the Maudsley environmental risk score (ERS). In contrast to previous findings, in our study, the PRS-SCZ did not discriminate cases from controls, but the ERS score explained a similar percentage of the variance as in other studies using similar approaches. Our study supports a positive additive interaction, indicating synergy between genetic susceptibility to schizophrenia (PRS-SCZ dichotomized according to the highest quartile distribution of the control population) and the exposome (ERS > 75% of the controls). This additive interaction showed genetic and environmental dose dependence. Our study shows that the use of aggregate scores derived from large and powered studies instead of statistics derived from specific sample characteristics is a powerful tool for the study of the effects of GxE on the risk of psychotic spectrum disorders. In conclusion, by using a genetic risk score and an ERS we have provided further evidence for the role of GxE in psychosis.

摘要： Organizational scholars increasingly view institutionalization as a process through which actors adapt or translate seemingly successful practices in a field to create variations that are specific to their own organization. Yet little is known about how outsiders who seek to diffuse 'best practice' affect translation. We examined interactions between management consultants and their clients in two different consulting projects, which focused on embedding the practice of 'lean' in one and the practice of a quality improvement framework in the other. Our findings provide insights into the processes of translation through which promoters and adopters iterate at different stages to reach a compromise, illuminating how the evolution of an imported practice signals the outcome of a negotiation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that management practices are not translated in isolation but enveloped by peripheral practices that are adopted by association. We highlight how the peripheral practice of benchmarking, in both cases, was rarely contested or negotiated and thus proved more resistant to translation. Our analysis allows us to unpack the agency inherent withintranslation-as-negotiationand integrate research on diffusion and translation.

关键词： Autism spectrum disorder   Autism-related traits   Military   Suicide risk   Unit cohesion  

摘要： Background: Suicide rates are elevated among United States (U.S.) military service members. Research has found that service members with autism spectrum disorder-related (ASD-related) traits are at increased risk for suicide. Complementary lines of inquiry have suggested that unit cohesion is a protective factor against developing suicidal ideation in military service members. However, given the social difficulties inherent in ASD, it is unclear whether unit cohesion might protect against suicide risk in this population. Method: Our sample consisted of 285 active duty U.S. military service members recruited online. We examined the interaction between ASD-related traits (as measured by the Autism Spectrum Quotient [AO] ), unit cohesion, and suicide risk (as measured by the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised [SBQ-R]). We also conducted exploratory analyses to examine whether unit cohesion attenuates the association between ASD-related traits and suicidal intent. Results: Elevated ASD-related traits were independently associated with higher levels of global suicide risk;however, unit cohesion was not independently associated with suicide risk. Unit cohesion did not significantly interact with ASD-related traits to predict suicide risk. Finally, we found that elevated ASD-related traits and unit cohesion have an independent effect on current suicidal intent. Discussion: Our findings suggest that unit cohesion might not buffer the effect of ASD-related traits on suicide risk. However, our results do show that greater unit cohesion may be independently associated with decreased suicidal intent. This study is limited by a cross-sectional design and use of self-report measures.

关键词： 检验检测机构   食品安全   作用  

摘要： 随着中国经济的发展,人们生活水平的日益提高,人们对于饮食的质量要求也变得越来越高,由原来的吃得饱变为现在的吃得好。为了对食品加强管理,保证食品的质量,我国成立了专业的检验检测机构,以此来保障消费者的饮食安全,这对于食品安全检测工作的开展具有重要的作用,作为政府职能部门,它实现了抽检和监管的分离,增强了检验检测的公正性,维护了政府形象、提高了社会效益;作为第三方检验检测机构,它覆盖面广,检测效率高,服务社会的同时也推动了我国的经济发展。但是随着检验检测机构的迅速增多,也出现了检验检测机构的检测能力参差不齐,部分检测机构甚至存在检测水平低、检测手段不科学等问题。本论文就检验检测机构在食品安全中的作用和存在的问题进行探讨。

关键词： 对称矩阵   合同   可逆   结构  

摘要： 对于任意非零的对称矩阵A,B∈Pn×n,介绍A,B在P中合同的一个充分必要条件,并基于该条件构造满足PTAP=B的所有可逆矩阵P∈Pn×n是目标.针对■和■这两种常见情形,获得了P的明确结构.

关键词： 个人所得税   人力资本积累   劳动所得   资本所得  

摘要： 人力资本是推动经济高质量发展的重要动力,明确个人所得税对人力资本积累的影响,能够为深化财税体制改革、促进经济高质量发展提供理论和实证依据。因此,本文构建动态一般均衡模型,探讨个人所得税对人力资本积累的作用机制,并采用2003-2016年中国省级面板数据进行实证检验。结果表明,个人所得税中劳动所得的平均税率上升,会显著降低人力资本积累,而资本所得税的影响是不确定的。并且,由于经济发达地区的生产要素集聚效应和区域外溢效应,个人所得税对经济发达地区的人力资本积累具有更明显的负向影响。另外,在教育扶持力度较高的地区,人们更倾向于通过受教育来获取人力资本,从而使个人所得税对人力资本积累的抑制作用得到缓解。

关键词： 产品质量检测   市场监管   检验方法  

摘要： 产品质量关系着一个国家经济增长和稳定发展,涉及国计民生问题。在经济发展新常态的今天,产品质量检测作为市场监督管理部门质量监督的重要手段,好的产晶质量不仅能够维持市场的繁荣稳定发展,也是加速转变经济发展方式的必然要求。