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关键词： 食品检验机构   食品安全监管   技术支撑  

摘要： 分析当前我国食品安全监管形势,明确食品检验机构在食品监管工作中的作用。提出目前食品检验机构存在的问题,并研究解决方法,确立检验机构未来的发展方向,使食品检验不断完善,更好地发挥在食品安全监管工作中的技术支撑作用。

关键词： 微生物检验   感染控制   致病菌  

摘要： 目的:探讨微生物检验对于院内感染控制的积极作用.方法:122例感染患者依据是否进行微生物检验分两组,对比两组感染发生率、感染的轻重程度以及控制效果.结果:对照组感染率明显较观察组高(P<0.05);观察组患者轻、中、重度感染情况明显没有对照组严重(P<0.05);观察组有效控制率明显较对照组理想(P<0.05).结论:微生物检验院内感染控制,有助于院方准确找出传染源,尽快切断传播途径.

关键词： 乡村旅游   减贫效应   作用机理   模式构建  

摘要： 乡村旅游是国家实施精准扶贫和乡村振兴战略的重要举措。通过乡村旅游减贫效应的实证检验,发现,在乡村旅游发展过程中,农户参与不足、乡村旅游收入漏损严重,以及乡村旅游产业集成度不高、减贫效应低等问题凸显,而共享发展成果的乡村旅游发展模式是乡村旅游减贫效应最大化的关键。因此,应从构建利益共享机制、合理利用企业和外来资金、发挥乡村旅游产业集成效应这三个路径,提高乡村旅游的减贫效应。

关键词： 化工分析   化工检验   结果误差  

摘要： 化工企业近几年发展迅速,同时化工产品也给人们的生活中带来了很大的便利,随着化工产品的广泛使用,其产品的化工分析与检验结果是否符合相关标准也被人们重视起来。下文将对化工分析与检验工作进行简单的概述,列举出目前该工作中出现的最为常见的几种难题,并对其相应的应对策略进行分析。

关键词： cervical cancer   hrHPV   immunohistochemistry   LEEP   methylation  

摘要： The decision to treat a cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) by loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) relies heavily on a colposcopy-directed biopsy showing high-grade (H)SIL. Diagnosis is often supported by p16, an immunohistochemical (IHC) biomarker of high-risk (hr)HPV E7 gene activity. Additional potential markers include methylation of tumor suppressor genes FAM19A4/miR124-2 in cervical cytology for advanced transforming HSIL and the IHC marker HPV E4 for productive, potentially regressing lesions. In 318 women referred for colposcopy, we investigated the relationship between staining patterns of p16 and E4 IHC in the worst biopsy, and the relation of these to FAM19A4/miR124-2 methylation status in cytology. E4-positive staining decreased with increasing SIL/CIN grade from 41% in LSIL to 3% in HSIL/CIN3. E4 positivity increased with grade of p16 when p16 expression was limited to the lower two third of the epithelium (r = 0.378), but fell with expression over. Loss of E4 expression in the worst lesion was associated with the methylation of FAM19A4/miR124-2. We also examined whether these biomarkers can predict the histological outcome of the LEEP biopsy in a subgroup of 119 who underwent LEEP treatment. About 85% of women with >= lower two third p16 staining/E4-negative HSIL biopsies and 65% with limited p16 staining/E4-positive HSIL biopsies had >= HSIL in the LEEP specimen (P = .025). p16 expression in a biopsy is related both to viral production and transformation, while decreased E4 expression relates to methylation, indicating advanced HSIL. p16 expression in >= 2/3 of the epithelium and absent E4 indicate likely HSIL on a subsequent LEEP specimen.

关键词： Wavenumber selection   Falsified medicines   SVD   KNN   ATR-FTIR  

摘要： The dissemination of falsified medicines is a public health risk. Techniques such as attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR -FTIR) spectroscopy are commonly adopted for fraudulent drug detection. However, the spectrum generated by the ATR-FTIR typically results in hundreds of wavenumbers, reducing the performance of classification methods aimed at discriminating between authentic and falsified medicines. This article proposes a novel method for selecting a reduced size subset of wavenumbers that improves the classifier performance. The singular value decomposition SVD is used to generate a wavenumber importance index. An iterative process creates k -nearest neighbor (KNN) models by adding the wavenumbers in a decreasing order according to the importance index. Wavenumbers that increase classification accuracy are selected. When applied to Cialis (R) ATR-FTIR data, the proposed approach retained average 0.51% of the original wavenumbers with 100% accurate classifications;as for the Viagra (R) data set, the method yielded perfect classifications retaining average 0.17% of the original wavenumbers. (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Randomized controlled trials   RCTs   Randomization   Methods   Bias   Controlled trials   Research reporting  

摘要： Objectives: We evaluated whether sample sizes in different arms of two-arm parallel group randomized controlled trials of nonregulated interventions were systematically closer in size than would plausibly occur by chance if simple randomization had been applied. Study Design and Setting: We searched PubMed for trials of nonregulated health care interventions that did not report using restricted randomization from journals in behavioral sciences and psychology, nursing, nutrition and dietetics, rehabilitation, and surgery. We emailed trial authors to clarify randomization procedures. Results: We identified 148 nonregulated intervention trials that indicated they used simple randomization. Difference in trial arm sizes was smaller than would be predicted by chance if simple randomization had occurred in all trials (P < 0.001). Rather than approximately half of the trials being within a 50% prediction interval for the difference, 96% had differences within this interval. Results were similar and statistically significant (P < 0.001) for trials that were published in journals with impact factors >= 4 and when stratified by type of nonregulated intervention. Conclusion: There is a need for education and better understanding of clinical trial methods to ensure that randomization procedures are implemented as intended and reported fully and accurately. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： 临床免疫检验   免疫检验分析质量控制   临床效果  

摘要： 研究临床免疫检验中采用免疫检验分析质量控制的效果。方法:选择我院接收的110例临床免疫检验患者,随机数字表法分观察组(免疫检验分析质量控制)与对照组(常规免疫检验)各55例,比较两组免疫检验变异指数与检验后治疗效果。结果:与对照组比,观察组AFP、IAb、CA199与CEA指标低;检验后治疗有效率高,P<0.05。结论:免疫检验分析质量控制能提高患者整体疗效,改善预后且控制病情进展。

关键词： 尿液常规检验   尿液联合尿沉渣实验法   作用   价值  

摘要： 探讨尿液常规检验中应用尿液联合尿沉渣实验法的作用与价值;方法:选取2019年6月份到2019年12月份我院收治50例妇科及外科的住院患者尿液标本对其尿液进行分析,分别采用干化学法进行检验和联合尿沉渣实验进行检验,对比分析患者在不同方法下的准确度;结果:两组患者在红细胞和白细胞检验结果的对比中,联合尿沉渣实验方法检查阳性率和阴性率均优于干化学法数据,两组数据对比差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);结论:在尿检中,应该结合显微联合尿沉渣实验检查来确保检查结果的精准度。要重视尿常规分析中显微联合尿沉渣实验检查的作用,不仅可以得到更加精准的结果,还可以为临床诊断提供更具与可靠性的凭据。

关键词： Problem-based learning   teamwork   interaction   conversation analysis   tutorless groups  

摘要： With the increasing complexity of the engineering role, today's graduates must be capable of confronting both technical and societal problems;underpinned by effective teamwork at their core. Problem-based learning has been implemented in engineering to better prepare students for modern industry. However, limited research has examined the complex social processes involved in PBL. The present study, therefore, reports on how students working in tutorless PBL groups - owing to teaching limitations - must effectively self-manage their team efforts if they are to succeed. This PBL arrangement involved a 'floating facilitator' but the analysis focuses exclusively on the students' tutorless interactions. The data collected is from 22 chemical engineering undergraduates in four groups, and consists of naturalistic video-recordings of 32 PBL meetings (35 h). This corpus was examined empirically using conversation analysis to elucidate students' recurrent communicational practices. The microanalyses showed how students continuously established PBL as the collective responsibility of the group. Furthermore, students maintained 'average', equal social identities, and used humour/self-deprecation in constructing an informal learning environment. In the absence of the tutor who would normally maintain cohesion, these strategies offer a means through which students adapt to the unfamiliarity of the tutorless setting, where no member is positioned as the substitute tutor.