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关键词： 质量控制   免疫检验   变异指数  

摘要： 分析质量控制在临床免疫检验中的作用。方法:我院自2018年1月开展质量控制工作,对比2017年1月~12月和2018年1月~12月免疫检验结果的质量。结果:开展质量控制工作前,免疫检验甲状腺功能变异指数(40.25±10.72)、C-P指数(50.54±20.85)、CEA指数(40.52±14.52)、AFP指数(58.36±24.75)、CA199数(43.48±14.12)、CA125指数(43.48±14.12)、INS(57.25±25.13)、β-HCG指数(52.21±23.61)。开展质量控制工作后变异指数分别为(32.11±8.89)、(36.89±14.78)、(37.52±14.11)、(25.47±13.43)、(32.74±13.88)、(29.11±13.56)、(38.85±24.56)、(35.46±20.89),对比均有统计学差异,P<0.05。结论:临床免疫开展质量控制能够明显提高工作质量,降低变异情况,对于指导临床治疗有重要作用,值得进一步推广应用。

关键词： Anxiety   Selective mutism   Parent-child interaction   Intervention   Behavior therapy  

摘要： Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new therapy for children with selective mutism (SM) that combines Parent-Child Interaction Therapy principles and behavioral techniques. Method: Children aged 4-10 with a primary diagnosis of SM were eligible to participate. Comorbidity was allowed with the exception of autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, mania or psychosis. Of 54 potentially eligible participants, 33 met inclusion/exclusion criteria of which 31 families consented (94%). Following assessment, children were waitlisted for an average of 4 months before receiving 16 sessions of weekly therapy at an outpatient psychiatry clinic of a children's hospital in Vancouver, Canada;all children completed treatment. Assessments were conducted at time of referral (baseline), pre-treatment, post-treatment, 3 month follow up, and 1 year follow up. Two did not complete follow up assessments (93% retention). Results: Results showed significant and large (Cohen's d = 1.80) gains in speaking behaviors across contexts from pre- to post-treatment. Gains were maintained at 3-months and 1-year post-treatment. Statistically significant and large improvements were also found in post-treatment teacher and parent reports of child anxiety as well as a behavioral measure of the child speaking to an unknown adult. Parents reported high satisfaction with treatment. None of the potential predictors of treatment response examined were found to be significant. Conclusions: PCIT-SM appears to be an effective treatment for children aged 4-10 with SM.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease   classification   heterogeneity   high-throughput   machine learning   microglia   morphology  

摘要： The phenotypic changes of microglia in brain diseases are particularly diverse and their role in disease progression, beneficial, or detrimental, is still elusive. High-throughput molecular approaches such as single-cell RNA-sequencing can now resolve the high heterogeneity in microglia population for a specific physiological condition, however, the relation between the different microglial signatures and their surrounding brain microenvironment is barely understood. Thus, better tools to characterize the phenotypic variations of microglia in situ are needed, particularly for human brain postmortem samples analysis. To address this challenge, we developed MIC-MAC, a Microglia and Immune Cells Morphologies Analyser and Classifier pipeline that semiautomatically segments, extracts, and classifies all microglia and immune cells labeled in large three-dimensional (3D) confocal image stacks of mouse and human brain samples. Our imaging-based approach enables automatic 3D-morphology characterization and classification of thousands of individual microglia in situ and revealed species- and disease-specific morphological phenotypes in mouse aging, human Alzheimer's disease, and dementia with Lewy Bodie's samples. MIC-MAC is a precision diagnostic tool that allows a rapid, unbiased, and large-scale analysis of microglia morphological states in mouse models and patient brain samples.

关键词： Women's health   Peripartum mood disorders   Hormones   Cytokines   Developmental disorders   Brain development  

摘要： Pregnancy and the postpartum period are periods of significant change in the immune and endocrine systems. This period of life is also associated with an increased risk of mental health disorders in the mother, and an increased risk of developmental and neuropsychiatric disorders in her infant. The collective data described here supports the idea that peripartum mood disorders in mother and developmental disorders in her infant likely reflects multiple pathogeneses, stemming from various interactions between the immune, endocrine and nervous systems, thereby resulting in various symptom constellations. In this case, testing the mechanisms underlying specific symptoms of these disorders (e.g. deficits in specific types of learning or anhedonia) may provide a better understanding of the various physiological interactions and multiple etiologies that most likely underlie the risk of mental health disorders during this unique time in life. The goal here is to summarize the current understanding of how immune and endocrine factors contribute to maternal mental health, while simultaneously understanding the impact these unique interactions have on the developing brain of her infant.

关键词： ANFO explosives   Diesel   FAMEs   GCMS   FTIR   Chemometrics  

摘要： Ammonium nitrate fuel oil (ANFO) is one of the most favorite explosives used in terrorist attacks. This explosive is a complex mixture of 95-96% ammonium nitrate (AN) and 4-5% liquid hydrocarbons (fuel oil). In this study, we analyze a variety of ANFO explosive mixtures in order to classify their different sources of origin by observing the difference in fuel components. The study was performed by mixing ammonium nitrate with eight different diesel brands collected in Lincoln, UK in two seasons (winter and summer). The samples were extracted using appropriate solvent and extracts were subsequently analyzed in sextuplicate by gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). A classification model was performed using principal component analysis (PCA) and Lineal Discriminant Analysis (LDA). In this study, four fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) contents were observed by GC-MS in all summer samples but found lack in some winter sample resulting in seasonal variation effect. The classification of pre-blast ANFO samples was achieved using GC-MS and FTIR in a combination with PCA/LDA. The results significantly showed the variation of specific diesel components and providing different classification performance among ANFO samples with high classification performance. Therefore, this study can be beneficial in forensic investigation that the use of diesel components are able to classify among different ANFO samples. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 医院感染   微生物检验   应用价值   监测  

摘要： 研究控制医院感染中临床微生物检验与监测的应用价值。方法:以2018年6月-2019年2月本院接诊的感染病患120例为研究对象,并将之利用电脑随机双盲法分成研究和对照两组(n=60)。当中,研究组在感染控制工作中运用微生物检验与监测法,对照组应用常规控制感染法。分析两组感染控制的情况,并对各组的感染程度等指标作出比较。结果:研究组的感染控制率为87.33%,比对照组的65.0%高,组间比较差异显著(P<0.05)。研究组干预后的感染程度轻于对照组,组间比较差异显著(P<0.05)。研究组对感染控制效果的满意度为95.0%,比对照组的76.67%高,组间比较差异显著(P<0.05)。结论:于控制医院感染中合理运用微生物检验与监测法,可有效减少医院感染发生风险,提高临床治愈率,并能为感染者用药方案的制定及调整提供重要指导,建议采纳。

关键词： 医学检验   服务支撑平台   区域医联体   作用分析  

摘要： 看病问题一直是民生最大的问题,对于国家而言,国家稳定性与多方面的因素有关,像收入情况、住房情况、就业情况等,众多因素当中看病问题是其根本。为了更好的解决所存在的问题,设定区域医联体,根据患者病情的情况将其合理安排,让患者集中在一起就医。为了降低临床当中误诊的情况发生,实施服务支撑平台,应用此方式,可以优化资源,提升检验的准确性,可以根据检验结果制定科学、合理的治疗方案,提升治疗的显著性。

关键词： 护理   医学检验   质量管理  

摘要： 分析临床护理工作在医学检验质量管理中的作用。方法:我院自2016年起;在医学检验工作当中采用护理干预方法;在2015年1月~12月(并未采取护理干预方法)我院临床检验科收到的检验样本中随机选择1000份作为实验对照组;另外在2016年1月~12月(实施护理干预方法)我院临床检验科收到的检验样本中随机选择1000份作为实验的观察组。分别统计各阶段检验样本当中不合格样本数量。结果:在医学检验质量管理当中采用护理干预后;检验样本不合格率0.3%相比较于采用护理干预之前的不合格发生率1.4%有明显降低;差异值有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:临床护理工作在医学检验质量管理当中的应用具有重要意义。

关键词： Muscle contraction   Muscle   Smooth   Phosphorylation   Contractile proteins   Integrins   Proximity ligation assay  

摘要： Antibody-based in situ proximity ligation assays (isPLA) have the potential to study protein phosphorylation and protein interactions with spatial resolution in intact tissues. However, the application of isPLA at the tissue level is limited by a lack of appropriate positive and negative controls and the difficulty in accounting for changes in tissue shape. Here we demonstrate a set of experimental and computational approaches using gastric fundus smooth muscles to improve the validity of quantitative isPLA. Appropriate positive and negative biological controls and PLA technical controls were selected to ensure experimental rigor. To account for changes in morphology between relaxed and contracted smooth muscles, target PLA spots were normalized to smooth muscle myosin light chain 20 PLA spots or the cellular cross-sectional areas. We describe the computational steps necessary to filter out false-positive improperly sized spots and set the thresholds for counting true positive PLA spots to quantify the PLA signals. We tested our approach by examining protein phosphorylation and protein interactions in smooth muscle myofilament Ca2+ sensitization pathways from resting and contracted gastric fundus smooth muscles. In conclusion, our tissue-level isPLA method enables unbiased quantitation of protein phosphorylation and protein-protein interactions in intact smooth muscle tissues, suggesting the potential for quantitative isPLA applications in other types of intact tissues.

摘要： Motivation Learning associations of traits with the microbial composition of a set of samples is a fundamental goal in microbiome studies. Recently, machine learning methods have been explored for this goal, with some promise. However, in comparison to other fields, microbiome data are high-dimensional and not abundant;leading to a high-dimensional low-sample-size under-determined system. Moreover, microbiome data are often unbalanced and biased. Given such training data, machine learning methods often fail to perform a classification task with sufficient accuracy. Lack of signal is especially problematic when classes are represented in an unbalanced way in the training data;with some classes under-represented. The presence of inter-correlations among subsets of observations further compounds these issues. As a result, machine learning methods have had only limited success in predicting many traits from microbiome. Data augmentation consists of building synthetic samples and adding them to the training data and is a technique that has proved helpful for many machine learning tasks. Results In this paper, we propose a new data augmentation technique for classifying phenotypes based on the microbiome. Our algorithm, called TADA, uses available data and a statistical generative model to create new samples augmenting existing ones, addressing issues of low-sample-size. In generating new samples, TADA takes into account phylogenetic relationships between microbial species. On two real datasets, we show that adding these synthetic samples to the training set improves the accuracy of downstream classification, especially when the training data have an unbalanced representation of classes. Availability and implementation TADA is available at https://***/tada-alg/TADA. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.