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关键词： eutrophication   Lake Taihu   nitrogen   nutrient management   phytoplankton   cyanobacterial blooms   phosphorus  

摘要： Rapidly increasing urban, agricultural, and industrial growth in the Taihu basin during the past four decades has led to accelerated nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loading to the lake. This has caused the lake to shift from oligo-mesotrophic to hypertrophic conditions, symptomized by toxic cyanobacterial blooms, dominated by the non-N-2 fixing genus Microcystis. From 2008 to 2013, a series of in situ microcosm and mesocosm nutrient addition bioassays were conducted that were focused on the heavily polluted northern region (i.e., Meiliang Bay) and other lake locations. Bioassays showed that phytoplankton production, as chlorophyll a and photopigments diagnostic of major phytoplankton groups, was controlled by P inputs from spring to early summer, while N played a more dominant controlling role in summer-fall. In most cases, combined N and P additions promoted maximum growth. This pattern proved true for both the highly eutrophic northern region and the less-eutrophic central and southern regions. Cyanobacteria, chlorophytes, and cryptophytes all showed the strongest positive responses to N and N+P enrichment during the summer bloom period, while diatoms were the least abundant then and just moderately stimulated by nutrient additions. Cyanobacteria failed to selectively respond to P inputs during the summer bloom period, contradicting the paradigm that selective P enrichment will favor them, especially the N-2-fixing genera. Rather, Microcystis-dominated blooms remained N-limited during summer months and were not replaced by N-2-fixing genera, indicating that internal N and P regeneration of previously loaded nutrients must be sustaining blooms. Successful 'de-eutrophication' of Taihu will require reductions of both N and P inputs in all lake regions in order to control blooms and counter the legacy of several decades of nutrient over-enrichment.

关键词： 质量检验   产品   管理活动   问题   建议  

摘要： 随着经济社会的发展,科学技术的进步,人们对产品的耐用性要求是越来越高,在追求物美价廉的基础上对产品的质量有了更深层次的要求。因此这也就衍生出了工业企业质检部门,为了尽可能的满足消费者的需求,质检部门就应该在产品质量检验中发挥重要的作用,严格,务实的把握好产品质量检验关,真正做到维护广大消费者的权益。本文就质检机构发挥的现实作用进行浅谈。

关键词： 检验检疫   技术   壁垒  

摘要： 出口法检目录大幅削减，但检验检疫仍然承担着法律赋予的进出口商品质量安全监管责任。新形势下，检验检疫应充分发挥自身优势，及时预警为政府、行业协会以及相关企业提供决策参考和依据。

关键词： 尿糖   尿微量白蛋白   联合检验   糖尿病早期肾损伤  

摘要： 目的探究尿糖与尿微量白蛋白联合检验对糖尿病早期肾损伤的诊断价值。方法 233例早期糖尿病患者作为观察组,将同期进行健康体检的256名健康体检人员作为对照组。对此489名实验人员的临床资料进行回顾性分析。观察统计两组实验人员的尿糖与尿微量白蛋白含量。以临床检验数据来明晰尿糖与尿微量白蛋白联合检验对糖尿病早期肾损伤的诊断价值。结果观察组233例早期糖尿病患者的尿糖平均含量(3.62±0.32)mmol/L,尿微量白蛋白平均含量(172.54±9.63)μmol/L,而对照组健康体检人群的尿糖平均含量(1.22±0.44)mmol/L,尿微量白蛋白平均含量(16.88±1.64)μmol/L,两组实验人员的尿糖含量、尿微量白蛋白含量比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论糖尿病导致人体内环境大大改变,高糖环境对肾脏内部精细结构造成损害,无法截留原尿中的糖和蛋白成分。尿糖与尿微量白蛋白联合检验对糖尿病早期肾损伤有很好的诊断效果,与健康人群平均差值明显,有很明确的诊断作用,值得临床借鉴和推广。

关键词： Colour sorting   Quality control   Computer vision   Translucent samples   Transparency   mechatronics  

摘要： Automated quality control and sorting based on computer vision techniques has been a long celebrated practice in industrial processes and production. Among the surface characteristics that guide the decision making in such systems, the colour holds a prominent position. This gets somehow complicated in cases dealing with translucent samples or samples with a significant amount of transparency and yet distinctive colour hues. The scope of this article is to provide a method to tackle with such cases and presents a successful application to the world-renowned mastiha of Chios, a natural aromatic translucent resin extracted from the mastic tree that grows on the island of Chios, Greece.

关键词： 银行间债券市场   债券违约   违约风险   破产清算   资产剥离  

摘要： 2014年以来中国债券市场频现违约风险,目前我国债券市场背后仍存在隐性"刚性兑付"条件,几例临近违约的债券都采取了政府斡旋兜底,主承销商贷款支持的解决方案。但这不是长久之计,一个真正健康、健全的债券市场需要一套市场化的债券违约处理机制,本文将对此展开研究和探讨。

关键词： English for Medical Purposes   English for Nursing   Internationally educated nurses   Corpus linguistics   Discourse analysis  

摘要： Within English for Medical Purposes (EMP), one area of concern is to develop programs for international medical graduates (IMGs) working in the U.S. (Hoekje & Tipton, 2011). Along with IMGs, internationally educated nurses (IENs) are an increasingly important part of the U.S. workforce (Davis & Nichols, 2002). While communication difficulties for 1ENs are well documented (Davis & Nichols, 2002;Xu, 2007), few previous studies have investigated the discourse of IENs' interactions with patients. In order to inform IEN training programs, it is important to determine linguistic characteristics that distinguish IEN speech from that of U.S. nurses (USNs), native English speaking nurses born and trained in the U.S. To investigate differences between the two groups, a corpus of 102 nurse patient interactions (52 IENs and 50 USNs) was collected and analyzed for lexico-grammatical features. Results show that USNs used particular lexico-grammatical features more frequently, including past tense and various stance features (e.g., certainty adverbs such as maybe and kind of), all of which play an important role in creating rapport with patients and providing more patient-centered interactions. The findings have implications for IEN training programs, as well as EMP courses for nursing students and other medical professionals. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Propolis   GC-MS   phytogeographic region   chemical compound   marker compound  

摘要： This study aims to determine chemical compounds of the propolis samples gathered from different regions of Turkey in geographical region-base. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, was per-formed on 21 propolis samples acquired from different geographical regions of Turkey. Samples were collected from five different geographical regions including Black Sea, Central Anatolia, East Anatolia, Marmarean and Mediterranean Regions (Three different phytogeographic regions: European-Sibaerian, Irano-Turanian and Meditteranean phytogeographic regions). So, by this study the chemical compositions of different propolis samples gathered from three distinct phytogeographical regions will be compared. Accordingly, “1-Nona-decene”, “pinocembrin”, “phenylethyl alcohol”, “2-propen-1-one,1-(2,6-dihydroxy-4-methoxy phenyl)-3-phenyl” and particularly “ 2-methoxy-4-vinyl phenol”, “ethyl oleate” were determined as mostly found compounds in collected propolis samples. According to the GC-MS analysis results, five geographical regions are distin-guished from each other according to chemical compound groups. “Benzoic acid “and “17-Pentatriacontene” were found as possible markers of Black Sea Region, “chrysin” for Marmarean region, “2-buten-1-ol,2-methyl”, “Z-12-pentacosane”, “1-Hexacosane” for Central Anatolia, “Nonadecane”, ”Octadecane”, and “2-Nonadecan-one” for East Anatolia Regions. Besides these for the chemical compositions of Mediterranean Region samples, no clear distinction could be found.

关键词： 血常规   C-反应蛋白   小儿感染类型   区分  

摘要： 目的:研究探讨血常规联合C-反应蛋白检验对小儿感染类型的区分作用.方法:选取我院2014年2月到2015年2月间收治的小儿细菌性感染和小儿病毒性感染患儿各60例作为研究对象,分别对其实旋血常规检验、C-反应蛋白检验,并对其各项指标的检验结果进行比较,计算联合检测的异常检出率.结果:细菌性感染组患儿的WBC、CRP水平均显著高于病毒性感染患儿,其联合检测的异常检出率分别为95.0％ (57/60)和1.7％ (1/60),也有细菌性感染组高于病毒性感染组患儿的情况,比较均有统计学差异(P＜0.05).结论:联合应用血常规检验和C-反应蛋白检验可以在一定程度上对小儿感染类型进行有效区分,为临床治疗提供指导依据,颇具临床应用价值.

关键词： 痕迹检验技术   刑事侦查   作用   策略  

摘要： 我国公安机关侦查人员在进行案件整理和证据收集时,痕迹检验技术是较为常见一种刑事侦查方法。在充分运用该技术的基础上,对犯罪嫌疑人和犯罪痕迹的关系进行认定,对于案件侦破具有重要意义。本文首先简要介绍痕迹检验技术的三项基本技术,进而分析其在刑事侦查工作中的重要作用,并结合当前的应用状况,提出提高痕迹检验技术在刑事侦查工作中的应用策略,以期为实现该技术实际应用效率的提高提供有效参考。