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关键词： 血站检验科   关键环节   质量管理  

摘要： 在血站各部门中,检验科负责进行血液质量检测,其对于保障临床用血质量,维护病人生命安全发挥着至关重要的作用。近年来,医疗技术的逐步提高也对血液安全管理工作提出了更高的要求。因此,有必要对血站检验科工作的关键环节加强质量管理,以提升血液检测质量,减少血液检验差错,提高血液检验效率。本文首先分析了血站检验科工作的关键环节,重点对关键环节的质量管理方法进行了综述。

关键词： BMI   嘲笑   负面身体自我   进食障碍   社交焦虑  

摘要： 该研究采用负面身体自我量表、社会嘲笑量表、异常进食行为量表以及交往焦虑量表对393名在校女大学生进行调查,考察女大学生负面身体自我的特点,以及BMI、嘲笑、负面身体自我、节食行为和社交焦虑的关系。结果发现:(1)女大学生最不满意的是整体,其他的维度依次为矮、相貌和胖;(2)节食行为与BMI、嘲笑、负面身体自我和社交焦虑相关显著,社交焦虑与嘲笑、负面身体自我相关显著;(3)负面身体自我在BMI对节食行为的影响中起完全中介作用,在嘲笑对节食行为和社交焦虑的影响中起着完全中介作用。

关键词： 网络购物   加害给付   责任竞合  

摘要： 在网络购物引发的纠纷中,加害给付具有特殊性。加害给付既是一种违约行为,又构成侵权行为,导致了违约责任与侵权责任的竞合。本文结合民法中的加害给付理论分析了网络购物纠纷中加害给付的概念以及构成要件,并在此基础上探讨了我国法律对加害给付造成的违约责任与侵权责任竞合的处理。

关键词： Formal contractual agreement   buyer asset specificity   and performance ambiguity and environmental uncertainty  

摘要： This study aimed at exploring how formal contractual agreements are predicted by Transaction Cost Analysis (TCA) theory using firms from emerging markets. The setting of this study was Tanzania. Dependent variable was formal contractual agreement, while performance ambiguity and buyer asset specificity were used as key predictor variables. The study was conducted through surveying, which included small, large and medium enterprises. N = 150 firms involved and all of them were engaging in to business-business relations (buyer- seller relations). The response rate was about 65%. Data analysis used ordinary least square regression analysis. This study found out that asset specificity still had strong determination on formal contractual agreement. Performance ambiguity itself found not to have significant positive effect on formal contractual agreement but its effect was dependent on asset specificity i. e. the interaction between asset specificity and performance ambiguity influence positively on formal contractual agreement. These findings do not contradict with other empirical studies from developed economies. This suggests the possibility for extending TCA theoretical predictions to firms in emerging markets, especially at this time when there is growing need for outsourcing in these markets. Again this has to take into account other variables like nature of firm, institutional and cultural differences. Such variables have not been used in this exploratory study.

关键词： image classification   sample selection   remote sensing   Graphical User Interface (GUI)  

摘要： Traditional image classification algorithms are mainly divided into unsupervised and supervised paradigms. In the first paradigm, algorithms are designed to automatically estimate the classes' distributions in the feature space. The second paradigm depends on the knowledge of a domain expert to identify representative examples from the image to be used for estimating the classification model. Recent improvements in human-computer interaction (HCI) enable the construction of more intuitive graphic user interfaces (GUIs) to help users obtain desired results. In remote sensing image classification, GUIs still need advancements. In this work, we describe our efforts to develop an improved GUI for selecting the representative samples needed to estimate the classification model. The idea is to identify changes in the common strategies for sample selection to create a user-driven sample selection, which focuses on different views of each sample, and to help domain experts identify explicit classification rules, which is a well-established technique in geographic object-based image analysis (GEOBIA). We also propose the use of the well-known nearest neighbor algorithm to identify similar samples and accelerate the classification.

摘要： Purpose: Extra-articular hip impingement can be the result of psoas impingement (PI), subspine impingement (SSI), ischiofemoral impingement (IFI), and greater trochanteric/pelvic impingement (GTPI). Symptoms may be due to bony abutment or soft-tissue irritation, and often, it is a challenge to differentiate among symptoms preoperatively. Currently, the clinical picture and diagnostic criteria are still being refined for these conditions. This systematic review was conducted to examine each condition and elucidate the indications for, treatment options for, and clinical outcomes of surgical management. Methods: We searched online databases (Medline, Embase, and PubMed) for English-language clinical studies published from database inception through December 31, 2013, addressing the surgical treatment of PI, SSI, IFI, and GTPI. For each condition, 2 independent assessors reviewed eligible studies. Descriptive statistics are presented. Results: Overall, 9,521 studies were initially retrieved;ultimately, 14 studies were included examining 333 hips. For PI, arthroscopic surgery resulted in 88% of patients achieving good to excellent results, as well as significant improvements in the Harris Hip Score (P = .008), Hip Outcome Scoree-Activities of Daily Living (P = .02), and Hip Outcome Scoree-Sport (P = .04). For SSI, arthroscopic decompression, with no major complications, resulted in a mean 18.5 degrees improvement in flexion range of motion, as well as improvements in pain (mean visual analog scale score of 5.9 points preoperatively and 1.2 points postoperatively) and the modified Harris Hip Score (mean of 64.97 points preoperatively and 91.3 points postoperatively). For both IFI and GTPI, open procedures anecdotally improved patient symptoms, with no formal objective outcomes data reported. Conclusions: This review suggests that there is some evidence to support that surgical treatment, by arthroscopy for PI and SSI and by open surgery for IFI and GTPI, results in impro

关键词： influenza A virus   packaging   RNA-RNA interactions   supramolecular complex   genetic reassortment  

摘要： Influenza A viruses package their segmented RNA genome in a selective manner. Electron tomography, biochemical assays, and replication assays of viruses produced by reverse genetics recently unveiled molecular details of this mechanism, whereby different influenza viral strains form different and unique networks of direct intermolecular RNA-RNA interactions. Together with detailed views of the three-dimensional structure of the viral ribonucleoparticles, these recent advances help us understand the rules that govern genome packaging. They also have deep implications for the genetic reassortment processes, which are responsible for devastating pandemics.

关键词： Australian   Chinese   left-right column protocol   problematic social interaction   theory of action  

摘要： A major challenge faced in research seeking to investigate the underlying dynamics of problematic interactions is that, when asked about the rationale underpinning what they said and did - their 'theory of action in-use' (Argyris and Schon, 1974, 1978, 1996) - participants are often unaware of what prompts their behaviour - or decide to hide it - so instead produce their 'espoused theory of action', the rationale they think ought to have been underpinning what they said and did. Using the left-right case protocol (Argyris and Schon, 1974), researchers investigating problematic interactions, especially interactions open to different cultural interpretations, are able to identify points of dilemma in these moments when participants report thinking X, then self-censoring and actually saying Y. The question 'What prevented you from saying X?' allows the opening up of participants' theory of action in-use - where they thought they were, what they thought was happening, and what they thought their options were. This access to their theory of action in-use could then be opened up and examined with the participants. This paper will present the attributes of the protocol and its rationale, and give examples of its effectiveness in the study of Chinese-Australian problematic social interactions at work.

关键词： Combined HPLC-MS/ICP-MS data   Trace elements   Chemometrics   Classification   Cortex moutan roots  

摘要： A combined data matrix consisting of high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) measurements of samples from the plant roots of the Cortex mouton (CM), produced much better classification and prediction results in comparison with those obtained from either of the individual data sets. The HPLC peaks (organic components) of the CM samples, and the ICP-MS measurements (trace metal elements) were investigated with the use of principal component analysis (PCA) and the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) methods of data analysis;essentially, qualitative results suggested that discrimination of the CM samples from three different provinces was possible with the combined matrix producing best results. Another three methods, K-nearest neighbor (KNN), back-propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) and least squares support vector machines (LS-SVM) were applied for the classification and prediction of the samples. Again, the combined data matrix analyzed by the KNN method produced best results (100% correct;prediction set data). Additionally, multiple linear regression (MLR) was utilized to explore any relationship between the organic constituents and the metal elements of the CM samples;the extracted linear regression equations showed that the essential metals as well as some metallic pollutants were related to the organic compounds on the basis of their concentrations. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 企业家精神   营销绩效   营销动态能力   中介效应  

摘要： 随着世界经济由管理型经济向创新型经济的转变,企业家精神作为企业独特的异质性资源之一,日益成为学术界和企业界共同关注的热点。本文通过选取东北地区228家民营企业的调研数据,探索并实证检验企业家精神对营销绩效的影响机理。理论阐释并实证检验了我国转型经济背景下企业家精神对营销绩效的作用路径,以及营销动态能力在其间发挥着的中介效应。