学科服务 更多>>

关键词： Macrophage   Lipopolysaccharide   Sub-clinical inflammation   Arginine metabolism   Redox regulation   Biomarker  

摘要： Background: Shifts in intracellular arginine (Arg) and sulfur amino acid (SAA) redox metabolism modulate macrophage activation, polarization and phenotype. Despite their importance in inflammation and redox regulatory pathways, comprehensive analysis of these metabolic networks was not previously possible with existing analytical methods. Methods: The Arg/thiol redox LC-MS/MS metabolomics assay permits simultaneous assessment of amino acids and derivative products generated from Arg and SAA metabolism. Using this assay, LPS-induced changes in macrophage amino acid metabolism were monitored to identify pathway shifts during activation and their linkage to cellular redox regulation. Results: Metabolite concentrations most significantly changed after treatment of a macrophage-like cell line (RAW) with LPS for 24 hrs were citrulline (Cit) (48-fold increase), ornithine (Orn) (8.5-fold increase), arginine (Arg) (66% decrease), and aspartic acid (Asp) (73% decrease). The ratio Cit + Orn/Arg + Asp (CO/AA) was more sensitive to LPS stimulation than other amino acid ratios commonly used to measure LPS-dependent inflammation (e.g., SAM/SAH, GSH/GSSG) and total media NOx. The CO/AA ratio was also the first ratio to change significantly after LPS treatment (4 hrs). Changes in the overall metabolomic profile over time indicated that metabolic pathways shifted from Arg catabolism to thiol oxidation. Conclusions: Simultaneous quantification of Arg and SAA metabolic pathway shifts following LPS challenge of macrophage indicate that, in this system, the Arg- Citrulline/NO cycle and arginase pathways are the amino acid metabolic pathways most sensitive to LPS- challenge. The cellular (Cit + Orn)/(Arg + Asp) ratio, which summarizes this pathway, was more responsive to lower concentrations of LPS and responded earlier than other metabolic biomarkers of macrophage activation including GSH redox. It is suggested that the CO/ AA ratio is a redoxindependent early biomarker of macrophage act

关键词： 检验医师   临床工作   检验医学   医学检验   临床检验   工作者  

摘要： 我国检验医学与国际接轨，发展迅速。医学检验向检验医学的转变，丰富了临床检验的内涵，连接检验与临床关系的检验医师岗位受到高度重视。笔者作为八十年代初期毕业的检验工作者，对检验医师在临床中的积极作用颇有感触，总结如下。

关键词： 检验   临床   诊疗  

摘要： 本文简明扼要地分析了在现代医学飞速发展的今天,在循证医学在临床医学中被得到广泛应用的时代,检验与临床密切配合的重要意义,并在此基础上详细介绍了检验与临床密切配合的方法及其诊疗作用。

关键词： k-NN classifier   LRC   SRC   Tikhonov regularization   Pattern classification  

摘要： The classical k-NN classifier has been widely used in pattern recognition. However, it does not take into account the structural information of local samples. This paper presents a novel classifier named component-based global k-NN classifier (CG-k-NN), which takes advantage of the structural information of the local neighbors for enhancing the classification performance. We choose k nearest neighbors of a given testing sample globally at first, and then use these neighbors to represent the testing sample via ridge regression. In the further step, we construct the component image of each class by using the intra-class images from the k nearest neighbors and the corresponding representation coefficients. Finally, the testing sample is assigned to the class that minimizes reconstruction residual. The proposed method CG-k-NN is evaluated using the ORL, FERET, AR face image database and PolyU palmprint databases. The experiment results demonstrate that our method is more efficient and effective than the state-of-the-art methods such as sparse representation based classifier (SRC) and linear regression based classifier (LRC). (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 适配体   指数富集配体的系统进化技术   信号识别   疾病标志物  

摘要： 适配体是利用指数富集配体的系统进化技术从含有大量序列的随机文库中筛选出来,能通过特定三维结构与靶标紧密结合的单链DNA或RNA。适配体不仅能与各种有机物或无机物靶标分子高特异性、高亲和力结合,还具有分子量小,免疫原性低,稳定性好,制备和标记方便等优点。适配体将有可能替代抗体,在疾病的诊断和治疗中发挥重要的作用。本文就适配体作用和筛选的原理及策略、适配体技术在医学检验研究中的作用以及面临的挑战作简要的述评。

关键词： 刑事诉讼   痕迹检验   证据  

摘要： 在刑事诉讼活动中,人民法院根据公安机关对刑事案件的前期侦查结果、书证、物证及证人证言等,对公诉机关对犯罪嫌疑人所犯罪行的指控依法进行宣判,因此公安机关对刑事案件前期侦查工作的水平将在很大程度上影响和决定刑事诉讼程序和刑事审判活动能否高效运行。刑事痕迹检验工作是刑事诉讼证据的直接来源之一,急需要司法机关采取切实有效的措施,更加突出刑事痕迹检验在刑事诉讼证据收集工作中的重要作用。

关键词： 书面形式   劳动合同   口头约定   部门主管   公司   工资   张某  

摘要： 问：张某于2011年6月与一家公司签订了一份为期两年的劳动合同，约定其担任技术指导，月工资3000元，4个月后，公司经与公司协商，决定由其担任部门主管，月工资上调到4500元。但双方就此变更只是口头约定，而未采用书面形式。此后张某一直在新岗位上班，公司也一直按新标准发放工资。

关键词： 大便化验   检验   临床医学  

摘要： 正常大便主要由消化后未被吸收的食物残渣、纤维素、消化道分泌物、大量细菌、无机盐和水等组成。其颜色与性状，正常成人的大便为黄褐色成形软便；婴儿呈黄色或金黄色不成形糊状便。

关键词： Object categorization   And-Or graph   Generalized samples   Cascaded inference  

摘要： In this paper, we present a framework for object categorization via sketch graphs that incorporate shape and structure information. In this framework, we integrate the learnable And-Or graph model, a hierarchical structure that combines the reconfigurability of a stochastic context free grammar (SCFG) with the constraints of a Markov random field (MRF). Considering the computation efficiency, we generalize instances from the And-Or graph models and perform a set of sequential tests for cascaded object categorization, rather than directly inferring with the And-Or graph models. We study 33 categories, each consisting of a small data set of 30 instances, and 30 additional templates with varied appearance are generalized from the learned And-Or graph model. These samples better span the appearance space and form an augmented training set Omega(T) of 1980 (60 x 33) training templates. To perform recognition on a testing image, we use a set of sequential tests to project Omega(T) into different representation spaces to narrow the number of candidate matches in Omega(T). We use "graphlets" (structural elements), as our local features and model Omega(T) at each stage using histograms of graphlets over categories, histograms of graphlets over object instances, histograms of pairs of graphlets over objects, and shape context. Each test is increasingly computationally expensive, and by the end of the cascade we have a small candidate set remaining to use with our most powerful test, a top-down graph matching algorithm. We apply the proposed approach on the challenging public dataset including 33 object categories, and achieve state-of-the-art performance. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Clobazam   Captopril   Lactose   Drug-excipient compatibility   Solid state interaction   Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)  

摘要： The thermal behaviour of binary mixtures of two drugs (clobazam and captopril, respectively) and a pharmaceutical excipient (lactose monohydrate) was measured with differential scanning calorimetry to determine thermodynamic and kinetic parameters (dehydration and melting enthalpies and dehydration and glass-transition activation energies) which might be affected by intermolecular interactions. A kinetic study showed that lactose dehydration is not a single-step conversion and that clobazam contributed to reduce the energy barrier for the bulk dehydration of the excipient. On the other hand, the physical interactions between metastable liquid clobazam and crystalline anhydrous alpha-lactose obtained from monohydrate dehydration gave rise to the recrystallisation of clobazam. In the captopril-lactose system, the liquid captopril influenced the lactose dehydration: a sharp increase of the dehydration enthalpy and a concurrent reduction of the dehydration temperature were observed. Finally, it turned out that solid-phase transitions were enhanced by the contact with a liquid phase. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.