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关键词： WAGES   RESEARCH   CONTRACT theory   EMPLOYMENT (Economic theory)   FIXED price contracts   LABOR contracts   WAGES & labor productivity   LABOR market  

摘要： We begin with two uncontroversial hypotheses - firm productivity is expensive to measure and employment entails relationship-specific investments. These assumptions imply that firms would optimally choose fixed-wage contracts, and complement these with bonus pay when measuring employee performance is not too costly. These assumptions imply that under an optimal employment contract hours of work is less responsive, while total compensation is more responsive to shocks under bonus-pay contracts compared to fixed wage contracts. Using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) where shocks are proxied using the local unemployment rate, we find strong support for these two implications.

关键词： ANS   fluorescence   inhibition   matrix metalloproteinase   MMP-7  

摘要： Human matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP-7) is the smallest matrix metalloproteinase. It plays important roles in tumour invasion and metastasis. 8-Anilinonaphthalene 1-sulphonate (ANS) is a fluorescent probe widely used for the analysis of proteins. It emits large fluorescence energy when its anilinonaphthalene group binds with hydrophobic regions of protein. In this study, we analysed the interaction of ANS and MMP-7. At pH 4.5-9.5, ANS inhibited MMP-7 activity in the hydrolysis of (7-methoxycoumarin-4-yl)acetyl-L-Pro-L-Leu-Gly-L-Leu-[N-3-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-L-2,3-diaminopropionyl]-L-Ala-L-Arg-NH2. The inhibition was a non-competitive manner and depended on the time for pre-incubation of ANS and MMP-7. At pH 4.5-9.5, the fluorescence of ANS was not changed by the addition of MMP-7. At pH 3.5, MMP-7 lacked activity, and the fluorescence of ANS was increased by the addition of MMP-7. These results suggest that at pH 4.5-9.5, the sulphonic group of ANS binds with MMP-7 through electrostatic interaction, whereas at pH 3.5, the anilinonaphthalene group of ANS binds with MMP-7 through hydrophobic interaction.

关键词： Factor V Leiden   GeneXpert   Prothrombin 20210  

摘要： Background: In this study, we evaluated the GeneXpert HemosIL Factor II and Factor V assay, an innovative assay for the detection of Factor V Leiden (FVL) and prothrombin G20210A mutation (GPRO). Patients and methods: We evaluated 132 patients that were previously classified (with a concordant result) using two commercial real-time PCR assays supplied, by Applied Biosystems and Roche Molecular Biochemicals. The cohort comprised 75 normal subjects, 10 FVL homozygous, 35 FVL heterozygous, 7 GPRO heterozygous, 2 GPRO homozygous and 3 double heterozygous FVL and GPRO subjects. All of the samples were evaluated using the GeneXpert HemosIL Factor II and Factor V assay. Results: All of the samples were correctly identified using the GeneXpert HemosIL Factor II and Factor V assay;therefore, in this patient series, the specificity and sensitivity of the test under evaluation was 1.00. Discussion: We have shown that the GeneXpert HemosIL Factor II and Factor V assay, a rapid fully automated assay, can accurately characterise the presence of FV G1691A and FII G20210A polymorphisms with specificity and sensitivity that are comparable to other current real-time PCR-based methods. The theoretical advantages of such an assay include improved standardisation across varying healthcare environments, more thorough sample manipulation and reduced human error. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Classification   Energy efficiency   Shrinkwrap-packer   Industrial oven  

摘要： Since some years, European companies are interested in the issue of energy saving. In such context, a classification of industrial machines from the energetic point of view is becoming more and more important; currently, in the industrial context, no similar classifications exist. The aim of this work is to formulate a standard method to evaluate the energy performance of an industrial machine, such as a shrinkwrap-packer. To this purpose, it was studied a shrinkwrap-packer produced by OCME S. r. l, a mechanical machinery company located in Parma (Italy). Specifically, the shrinkwrap-packer was analyzed in terms of energy dissipations. As a result, it is proposed a general procedure that allows to compare different solutions from energy efficiency point of view.

关键词： 木材产量   经济效益   检验工作   森工企业   木材生产   森林资源   合理利用   经济增长点  

摘要： 当前,国家正逐步加大木材天然保护林工程实施力度,木材产量在逐年调减,森工企业都在积极探索转型发展之路,寻找培育新的经济增长点,但是,当前就森工企业无论是从产业结构还是从生产总产值构成来看，木材生产在一段时间内仍是主财源之一。因此，合理利用现有的有限森林资源，使之实现最大的产值，是森工企业的经营者和管理者的一项主要课题。笔者认为，重视和加强木材检验工作是合理利用现有的森林资源，实现其效益最大化的主要手段和关键环节，是提高企业的经济效益的重中之重。

关键词： 木材检验   行政主管部门   木材生产   市场需求   检验标准   流通领域   检验工作   实践经验  

摘要： 木材检验工作贯穿于木材生产流通领域全过程,其重要作用尤为突出。笔者依据多年生产实践经验,针对贮木场及山上林场在接收木材,交接验收、缴库验收、木材拨付时,木材检验发挥的作用浅谈几点看法。新木材检验是国务院标准化行政主管部门根据当前木材资源的径级变小、质量降低,原检验标准不适应市场需求而适时修改的。林业企业为追求更大的经济效益,必须严格根据新检验标准和市场需求,

关键词： 主动性人格   职业弹性   职业生涯成功  

摘要： 本研究检验职业弹性在主动性人格与职业生涯成功间的中介作用。研究发现,职业弹性在主动性人格与主观职业生涯成功间存在着部分中介作用,而职业弹性在主动性人格与客观职业生涯成功间的中介作用未获得支持。

关键词： 合同结构   工程造价   总包   平行承包  

摘要： 不同的合同结构形式对工程造价有不同影响,选择哪种合同结构形式需考虑影响造价的主要因素有,业主自身的管理团队、总包单位的能力、减免税费、项目开办费等。

关键词： 代建制   合同   风险分担  

摘要： 如何识别、评价工程项目中的风险,进而采取恰当的措施管理风险,建立相应的风险分担机制,最大程度的降低风险给工程建设带来的危害和损失,以达到顺利工程项目的目标,是工程建设者们最关心的问题。针对代建制模式进行了研究,并对代建制模式下的风险分担进行了探讨。

关键词： 食品实验室   管理体系   ISO/IEC17025标准  

摘要： 本文以实验室管理的实践经验和体会为例,从体系建设、全员参与、考核监督三大方面阐述了在食品实验室管理中如何更好地发挥质量管理体系的作用。