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关键词： 全科医学   家庭医学   基本医疗保健   科研方法  

摘要： 本文对《欧洲全科医学/家庭医学和基本医疗保健科研纲要》的中文译稿进行了重点摘登。该文件由欧洲全科医学科研网络制订,包括7部分内容:序言、导言、方法、结果、独立章节,讨论和启示。作为在欧洲发展全科医学科研的核心指南,该文件对欧洲的全科医学学科和科研发展产生了深远的影响。欧洲的全科医学体系和以此为基础而构建的学科理论共识与我国全科医学当前的实际情况可能更为接近。因篇幅所限,本文刊登了其中最重要,对中国研究者也最实用的5部分内容,包括:(1)导言——全科医学的核心能力/特征以及全科医学科研的意义;(2)结果——全科医学的6个核心领域(基本保健管理、"以人为本"的照护、解决具体问题的技能、综合的方法、以社区为导向、整体的方法)的科研范畴,研究需求和适用方法;(3)独立章节——如何发展基本的科研能力和避免常见的科研失误;(4)讨论——未来的全科医学科研重点;(5)启示——科学协会、研究机构、患者参与、科研工作、期刊、科研政策在发展学科方面应注重的问题。因欧洲的全科医学体制和我国较为相似,且存在一定的科研发展代差,该文件在当前阶段也可为我国全科医学研究者所用,基于全科医学学科的视角,从概念、分类学、范围和科研方法等方面,为我国全科医学科研的发展提供参照。

关键词： 教育研究会   成果转化   职教发展   竞赛成绩   全员化   线下   技能大赛   含金量  

摘要： 金砖大赛展风采,精英齐聚逐辉煌。2022年3月26日-27日,2021金砖大赛城轨服务员赛项全国总决赛在郑举行,竞赛成绩之外,如何把赛事成果转化到教学实践中去?“政行企校”如何协同共建多元化育人平台,打造更具含金量和影响力的赛事品牌?3月27曰,“助力一带一路建设谱写职教发展新篇”赛事成果转化论坛以“线下会议+云端直播”的形式顺利举行,中国交通教育研究会职教分会副理事长李怡民担任论坛主持人。

关键词： 形式背景   拓扑   AE-仿紧性   信息态射   范畴  

摘要： 利用拓扑学的思想定义了形式背景的AE-仿紧性,给出了AE-仿紧背景的充分条件,研究了AE-仿紧背景的若干性质.证明了AE-仿紧性被适当的信息态射所保持,对一类闭嵌入子背景是遗传的.在以形式背景为对象,信息态射为态射的范畴FCC中,给出了两个形式背景乘积对象的表示,证明了两个AE-仿紧背景的乘积对象还是AE-仿紧的.

关键词： 淡   美学范畴   电视剧   《清平乐》  

摘要： 电视剧《清平乐》在对宋代文化内涵与美学理念进行深入挖掘的基础上,以“淡”为美,建构了其美学风格。主要体现在三个方面:一是人物设定的平淡冲和之美;二是场景展现的雅淡简约之美;三是镜头运用的简淡宁静之美。

关键词： 书法美学   传统书画   书法批评   笔墨   古代书论   审美价值   因素构成   笔力  

摘要： 在古代书论中,关于“力”的描述历来占据着重要的位置,并构成书法美学与书法批评的基本范畴。对于传统书画而言,笔墨承载了审美价值的核心,而衡量笔墨高下优劣的重要因素则与“力”的表现休戚相关,可以说,笔力因素构成了书画评判的基本依据。

关键词： pancreas   pancreatic tumors   pancreatobiliary cytopathology   PSC   ROM   WHO  

摘要： In 2014, the Papanicolaou Society of Cytopathology (PSC) published terminology guidelines for reporting pancreatobiliary cytology. Recently, a group of international experts convened to update the PSC system for reporting pancreatobiliary cytology. The proposed new system will be named the World Health Organization (WHO) International System. This study retrospectively assesses the risk of malignancy in a previously studied cohort of patients using the proposed WHO International System for reporting pancreatobiliary cytology.

关键词： steel multi-tiered concentrically braced frames   conventional construction   numerical simulation   seismic design  

摘要： This study examines the seismic behaviour of steel multi-tiered concentrically braced frames (MT-CBFs) of the conventional construction category (Type CC) in moderate seismic regions of eastern Canada and proposes a new seismic design method for such structures. A total of 32 prototype MT-CBFs part of a single-storey building are selected and designed in accordance with the 2019 Canadian steel design standard (CSA S16-19) provisions for Type CC structures, excluding the design requirements prescribed for frames taller than 15 m, namely the amplification of seismic forces varying by the frame height and the amplification of the column factored seismic force. Nonlinear response history analyses are then performed to examine their seismic response. The results confirmed that tiers experience limited lateral deformation, intermediate horizontal struts are required between tiers, and columns are subjected to combined axial force and bi-axial bending, which in some cases led to column buckling. The results are used to propose a new seismic design method in the framework of CSA S16.

摘要： Purpose During the 2014 Ebola outbreak, treatment centers for Ebola and special pathogens had to determine safe handling protocols for the management of category A infectious substances. There have been challenges achieving validation of adequate sterilization with autoclaving. To achieve successful inactivation requires alteration of cycle parameters (temperature, pressure, and time), and packaging methods. Successful inactivation is verified through the use of biological indicators, data loggers, and the evaluation of drain and exhaust lines. We aim to describe a successful waste sterilization process utilizing an autoclave in Emory University Hospital's biocontainment unit where we maintained appropriate safe handling waste processes. Methods & Materials Waste was differentiated by type to include patient general waste, linens, liquids, and sharps (including continuous renal replacement therapy cartridges). This helped us to determine appropriate packing methods and cycle parameters to ensure adequate inactivation by autoclaves. A biological indicator (BI) was used to monitor the efficacy of the autoclave sterilization process. Waste was double bagged with autoclave bags using the “gooseneck” method and secured with autoclave tape. This allowed for waste packaging to maintain closure of biohazard bags and contain leaks and aerosols. Following failed loads, action plans were generated until achieving successful inactivation. In order to determine the effectiveness of autoclave sterilization parameters, repeat loads were performed to ensure reliability. Once cycle specifications were finalized, each cycle type was repeated to achieve three successful runs with all passing biological indicators. Results We achieved effective inactivation of waste by altering autoclave factory settings. Following separation of waste and determine appropriate packing methods, we ran 26 total cycles achieving passing biological loads in 17 cycles. Failed loads occurred primarily in liq

关键词： cytopathology   endoscopic ultrasound   fine-needle aspiration biopsy   malignancy risk   pancreas   Papanicolaou Society of Cytopathology   World Health Organization  

摘要： Background The World Health Organization (WHO) has proposed an updated international classification system for reporting pancreaticobiliary cytology. Substantial changes to the prior Papanicolaou Society of Cytopathology (PSC) system have been recommended. Chiefly, the "neoplastic: benign" and "neoplastic: other" categories have been replaced by 2 new categories-"pancreatic neoplasia-low-grade" (PaN-Low) and "pancreatic neoplasia-high-grade" (PaN-High)-stratifying neoplastic mucinous cysts by cytological atypia. Low-grade malignancies are placed in the "malignant" category and benign serous cystadenoma in the "benign/negative" category. Risk of malignancy (ROM) associated with the diagnostic categories of the WHO system has yet to be defined. Methods All patients who underwent endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) for a pancreatic lesion at a single institution from January 2016 to December 2016, prospectively classified using the PSC system, were reclassified using the WHO system. Absolute ROM was determined by histologic outcome and/or clinical follow-up of at least 6 months. Results A total of 334 EUS-FNA samples from 322 patients were reviewed and reclassified. Absolute ROM for the WHO system was 7.7% for "insufficient/inadequate/nondiagnostic" category, 1.0% for "benign/negative for malignancy," 28.0% for "atypical," 4.8% for "PaN-Low," 60.0% for "PaN-High," 100% for "suspicious for malignancy," and 100% for "malignant;" the absolute ROM for the same cohort using the PSC system was 7.7% for "nondiagnostic" category, 1.0% for "negative (for malignancy)," 28.0% for "atypical," 0.0% for "neoplastic: benign," 30.3% for "neoplastic: other," 100% for "suspicious (for malignancy)," and 100% for "positive or malignant." Conclusions The WHO international system achieves improved stratification by associated ROM compared to the PSC system.

关键词： Pharmacotherapy   Pharmacology/Toxicology   Internal Medicine