学科服务 更多>>

关键词： Theoretical   Mathematical and Computational Physics   Mathematical Physics   Quantum Physics   Complex Systems   Classical and Quantum Gravitation   Relativity Theory  

摘要： The rank 1 bosonic ghost vertex algebra, also known as the beta gamma ghosts, symplectic bosons or Weyl vertex algebra, is a simple example of a conformal field theory which is neither rational, nor C-2-cofinite. We identify a module category, denoted category F, which satisfies three necessary conditions coming from conformal field theory considerations: closure under restricted duals, closure under fusion and closure under the action of the modular group on characters. We prove the second of these conditions, with the other two already being known. Further, we show that category F has sufficiently many projective and injective modules, give a classification of all indecomposable modules, show that fusion is rigid and compute all fusion products. The fusion product formulae turn out to perfectly match a previously proposed Verlinde formula, which was computed using a conjectured generalisation of the usual rational Verlinde formula, called the standard module formalism. The bosonic ghosts therefore exhibit essentially all of the rich structure of rational theories despite satisfying none of the standard rationality assumptions such as C-2-cofiniteness, the vertex algebra being isomorphic to its restricted dual or having a one-dimensional conformal weight 0 space. In particular, to the best of the authors' knowledge this is the first example of a proof of rigidity for a logarithmic non-C-2-cofinite vertex algebra.

关键词： Theoretical   Mathematical and Computational Physics   Mathematical Physics   Quantum Physics   Complex Systems   Classical and Quantum Gravitation   Relativity Theory  

摘要： In this paper, we study modular categories whose Galois group action on their simple objects are transitive. We show that such modular categories admit unique factorization into prime transitive factors. The representations of SL2(Z) associated with transitive modular categories are proven to be minimal and irreducible. Using the Verlinde formula, we characterize prime transitive modular categories as the Galois conjugates of the adjoint subcategory of the quantum group modular category C(sl(2), p-2) for some prime p > 3. As a consequence, we completely classify transitive modular categories. Transitivity of super-modular categories can be similarly defined. A unique factorization of any transitive super-modular category into s-simple transitive factors is obtained, and the split transitive super-modular categories are completely classified.

关键词： Transcriptome-wide association study   genetic susceptibility   gene expression  

摘要： Background and Aims Genome-wide association studies [GWAS] for inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] have identified 240 risk variants. However, the benefit of understanding the genetic architecture of IBD remains to be exploited. Transcriptome-wide association studies [TWAS] associate gene expression with genetic susceptibility to disease, providing functional insight into risk loci. In this study, we integrate relevant datasets for IBD and perform a TWAS to nominate novel genes implicated in IBD genetic susceptibility. Methods We applied elastic net regression to generate gene expression prediction models for the University of Barcelona and University of Virginia RNA sequencing project [BarcUVa-Seq] and correlated expression and disease association research [CEDAR] datasets. Together with Genotype-Tissue Expression project [GTEx] data, and GWAS results from about 60 000 individuals, we employed Summary-PrediXcan and Summary-MultiXcan for single and joint analyses of TWAS results, respectively. Results BarcUVa-Seq TWAS revealed 39 novel genes whose expression in the colon is associated with IBD genetic susceptibility. They included expression markers for specific colon cell types. TWAS meta-analysis including all tissues/cell types provided 186 novel candidate susceptibility genes. Additionally, we identified 78 novel susceptibility genes whose expression is associated with IBD exclusively in immune (N = 19), epithelial (N = 25), mesenchymal (N = 22) and neural (N = 12) tissue categories. Associated genes were involved in relevant molecular pathways, including pathways related to known IBD therapeutics, such as tumour necrosis factor signalling. Conclusion These findings provide insight into tissue-specific molecular processes underlying IBD genetic susceptibility. Associated genes could be candidate targets for new therapeutics and should be prioritized in functional studies.

关键词： fMRI   Functional connectivity   Emotion   Pattern classification   MVPA  

摘要： Neurophysiological and psychological models posit that emotions depend on connections across wide-spread cor-ticolimbic circuits. While previous studies using pattern recognition on neuroimaging data have shown differences between various discrete emotions in brain activity patterns, less is known about the differences in functional connectivity. Thus, we employed multivariate pattern analysis on functional magnetic resonance imaging data (i) to develop a pipeline for applying pattern recognition in functional connectivity data, and (ii) to test whether connectivity patterns differ across emotion categories. Six emotions (anger, fear, disgust, happiness, sadness, and surprise) and a neutral state were induced in 16 participants using one-minute-long emotional narratives with natural prosody while brain activity was measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We computed emotion-wise connectivity matrices both for whole-brain connections and for 10 previously defined functionally connected brain subnetworks and trained an across-participant classifier to categorize the emotional states based on whole-brain data and for each subnetwork separately. The whole-brain classifier performed above chance level with all emotions except sadness, suggesting that different emotions are characterized by differences in large-scale connectivity patterns. When focusing on the connectivity within the 10 subnetworks, classification was successful within the default mode system and for all emotions. We thus show preliminary evidence for consistently different sustained functional connectivity patterns for instances of emotion categories particularly within the default mode system.

关键词： Dose-response   Fish   Ecotoxicology   Multilevel logistic regression  

摘要： Many studies have investigated the consequences of exposure to fine-grained suspended sediments (SS) on aquatic organisms. Exposure has two components-concentration and duration-and can be expressed as dose, where we define suspended sediment dose (SSD: mg.h.L-1) as the product of suspended sediment concentration (SSC: mg.L-1) and duration of exposure (DoE: h). We evaluated these three measurement endpoints for managing SS effects on salmonids by assembling and analyzing all published SS dose-response observations. Despite a prevalence in SS management guidelines for using SSC as a primary endpoint to manage SS effects on salmonids, SSC was found to be less effective than SSD or DoE as a predictor variable for the available dose-response observations. We used data visualization to identify trends and distinct response categories that were then evaluated using a logistic regression model that accounts for nested observations by study. The model estimates the probability of moving from behavioural to major physiological and lethal responses in the available literature, as explained by one or more predictor variables, including ln(SSC), ln(DoE), ln(SSD), and life stage (adult versus juvenile). Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) were used to compare model fit and classification performance, respectively, among alternative models. The best performing model as judged by AIC and ROC incorporated ln(SSD) as the predictor variable. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： heritability   genetic correlation   human disease   register data   Denmark  

摘要： For more than half a century, Denmark has maintained populationwide demographic, health care, and socioeconomic registers that provide detailed information on the interaction between all residents and the extensive national social services system. We leverage this resource to reconstruct the genealogy of the entire nation based on all individuals legally residing in Denmark since 1968. We cross-reference 6,691,426 individuals with nationwide health care registers to estimate heritability and genetic correlations of 10 broad diagnostic categories involving all major organs and systems. Heritability estimates for mental disorders were consistently the highest across demographic cohorts (average h(2) = 0.406, 95% CI = [0.403, 0.408]), whereas estimates for cancers were the lowest (average h(2) = 0.130, 95% CI = [0.125, 0.134]). The average genetic correlation of each of the 10 diagnostic categories with the other nine was highest for gastrointestinal conditions (average rg = 0.567, 95% CI = [0.566, 0.567]) and lowest for urogenital conditions (average rg = 0.386, 95% CI = [0.385, 0.388]). Mental, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, and neurological conditions had similar genetic correlation profiles.

关键词： 维德尔侯德   价值   综合性范畴   有效性  

摘要： 维德尔侯德致力于澄清被视为哲学体系的综合性范畴的“价值”概念。他根据不同的衡量标准,将价值的一般含义划分为五种类型,即快乐、惯例、功效、总体性与规范。通过梳理价值标准的哲学史,维德尔侯德发现,价值的前四种类型具有个人性和相对有效性,因而予以否定;在以洛采和李凯尔特为代表的价值哲学运动中,“规范价值”被视为哲学体系的构成性范畴。然而,二者最终都在价值理论的普遍有效性的论证中陷入了含混境地。维德尔侯德认为,应当将超越纯粹的主观性作为所有价值理论的终极目标,为所有价值找到一个能证明其绝对有效性的基础。在他看来,这个基础仅存在于经济学和心理学领域,价值不能成为哲学体系的构成性范畴。通过建立“批判性形而上学”,维德尔侯德最终提出了解决价值规范性问题的新方案。

关键词： 现象与本质   全面与客观   认知与践行   明理与增信  

摘要： 学习党史是一个与时俱进的话题,其内涵与功能正在党史学习实践中逐步展开与深化。为了增强党史学习的效果,分清主流、看清本质,全面客观地看待党史,党员干部必须善于处理现象与本质、全面与客观、认知与践行、明理与增信四对关系范畴。其关键分别在于去粗取精,去伪存真,透过党史的现象认识党史的本质;通过“古今中外法”,全面客观地看待党史;通过以知促行、以行验知来推动党史学习;通过从中国的整体利益和历史教训出发领悟党史规律,从而增强党员干部的信仰、信念和信心。

关键词： 唯物史观   《资本论》原理   经济形态   知行合一   知行不二   范畴   知识  

摘要： 经由知行合一,阶级的经济形态提供社会知识的统一原理,这涉及阶级关系及其统治形态的如何"知识具象"问题,引发对"《资本论》原理"的重新审视。据此,必须充分重视《资本论》对商品经济形态"知"和"行"的界定,科学引出唯物史观的知识规定——历史类型学、矛盾结构学及其危机形态学。阶级社会知识原理进而"阶级学"和"档案学",其实是表明:唯物史观不外在于《资本论》,而内在于《资本论》,盖因在知识生产上唯物史观乃是确定工作路线和建立科学的表述的"统一的范畴";然则在工作机理上,《资本论》确立的研究对象应视为对这一原理的应用规定。《资本论》说到底是以"价值规律"(商品生产的一般规律和交换规律)为依托,实现对商品和货币及其基础上的资本的全部历史过程的全景式鸟瞰;以"价值形式发展"求得价值历史知识,不过是将价值本身"社会具象化",使价值"财产生活化",使围绕价值关系的"阶级斗争"历史过程化。这是市场经济的根本知识遵循,并意味着对市场经济的危机形式及其克服路径的分析必须坚持以马克思主义工作范畴为切入。通过说明价值形式分别附着在阶级实践规定上的行动(曰"总公式")和阶级理论规定上的知识(曰"生产一般"),耙梳"知""行"合一规定的生成和"知""行"不二认识路线的形成,继而以"真假同体"的阶级对象知识属性为依托展开唯物史观与"经济知识"的对话,终能达成对《资本论》特有叙事体裁的澄明化理解。

关键词： 习近平生态文明思想   人与自然   生态与发展   生态与文明   国内与国际  

摘要： 习近平生态文明思想为新时代生态文明建设提供了思想指引和行动指南。习近平生态文明思想聚焦生态环境问题,就"为什么建设""建设什么样""怎样建设"等事关生态文明建设的重大课题深刻作答,提出一系列新理念、新思想、新论断,形成一整套科学完整、博大精深的理论体系。本文以人与自然、生态与发展、生态与文明、国内与国际四对关系范畴为切入点来理解和把握习近平生态文明思想的理论精髓。