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关键词： 原型范畴理论   高中英语   词汇教学   应用策略  

摘要： 本研究探究原型范畴理论应用于高中英语词汇教学的有效性,结合高中英语词汇教学现状与外研社版高中英语教材,总结归纳出科学高效的词汇教学策略,并采用思维导图的呈现方式列举较为典型的词汇范例,帮助学生建构词汇框架体系,加强词汇的逻辑记忆,培养他们的词汇学习意识与认知能力,提高他们的词汇学习兴趣和效率,从词汇的广度和深度两方面扩大词汇量。

关键词： Categorical data analysis   structural equation modeling   RMSEA   CFI  

摘要： Current computations of commonly used fit indices in structural equation modeling (SEM), such as RMSEA and CFI, indicate much better fit when the data are categorical than if the same data had not been categorized. As a result, researchers may be led to accept poorly fitting models with greater frequency when data are categorical. In this article, I first explain why the current computations of categorical fit indices lead to this problematic behavior. I then propose and evaluate alternative ways to compute fit indices with categorical data. The proposed computations approximate what the fit index values would have been had the data not been categorized. The developments in this article are for the DWLS (diagonally weighted least squares) estimator, a popular limited information categorical estimation method. I report on the results of a simulation comparing existing and newly proposed categorical fit indices. The results confirmed the theoretical expectation that the new indices better match the corresponding values with continuous data. The new fit indices performed well across all studied conditions, with the exception of binary data at the smallest studied sample size (N = 200), when all categorical fit indices performed poorly.

关键词： Executive function   Mild cognitive impairment   Network analysis   Semantic memory   Semantic verbal fluency test  

摘要： The decline in semantic verbal fluency as we age may originate from both semantic memory degradation and executive function deficits. We investigated to what extent semantic memory is organized into categories in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (n = 81) and healthy controls (n = 83). We obtained the semantic networks automatically from the probability of co-occurrence of words in a verbal fluency test and characterized them with graph-theory tools. We found that the degree of categorical organization was similar for both diagnostic groups, but there was a higher tendency to transition to other categories during word production in the patient group. These results suggest that the semantic network is preserved in mild cognitive impairment, but also that the existing associations are exploited less efficiently during long-term memory search, possibly because of deficits in executive function.

关键词： Recalcitrantly biodegraded organics   PAC adsorption   Electrolysis   Fenton   Membrane technologies  

摘要： Considering dissolved organic matter (DOM) molecules, the present study is an attempt to unravel the individual removal targets of nine advanced treatment technologies for bio-stabilized landfill leachate. For the eight DOM molecular subcategories, preferable technologies and removal rates were as follows: lipids - powdered activated carbon (PAC) adsorption (97%) and Fenton (97%);proteins - extended electrolysis (92%) and Fenton (92%);and lignins/carboxylic rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM)-like organics - Fenton (90%) and extended electrolysis (75%). As to individual technologies, Fenton, PAC adsorption, extended electrolysis, and reverse osmosis (RO) had the highest removal rates based on the intensity and abundance of DOM. As to the improved technology combinations, "Fenton with PAC adsorption" and "PAC adsorption with reverse osmosis" were then recommended according to the target complementarity in compound intensity and abundance. The study suggested that the treatment strategy of an unknown recalcitrantly biodegraded wastewater could be designed in a tailored way based on the subcategorized DOM characteristics of the refractory wastewater.

关键词： Myocarditis   Imaging   Inflammation   Diagnosis  

摘要： Background: Histologic evidence is required for a definitive diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) by published guidelines;however, the sporadic nature of the disease may produce false negative biopsy results, causing CS to be underdiagnosed. We sought to establish a clinical category of CS absent histologic findings. Methods: Patients evaluated for CS were stratified into 3 groups: probable CS and definite CS based on Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) criteria and presumed CS, ie, patients without any histologic evidence of sarcoidosis, but with unexplained high-grade atrioventricular block or ventricular arrhythmia and findings suggestive of CS on either cardiac magnetic resonance imaging or positron emission tomography. The primary end point was hospitalization-free and overall survival at 10 years. Results: A total of 383 patients were included in the study: 59, definite CS;223, probable CS;and 101, presumed CS (62, isolated CS and 39, systemic CS). Compared with patients meeting HRS criteria for CS, patients with presumed CS had lower odds of New York Heart Association class III or IV symptoms (odds ratio [OR], 0.44 [95% CI, 0.23-0.83];P=.01) but greater odds of previous ventricular tachycardia (OR, 2.4 [95% CI, 1.4-4.0];P=.001) or history of resuscitated sudden cardiac arrest (OR, 2.9 [95% CI, 1.0-8.6];P=.05). Hospitalization-free and overall survival were similar among groups (P=.51 and P=.71, respectively). Conclusions: Clinical categorization of patients with presumed CS identified a high-risk cohort comparable to patients with histologic evidence of disease, although caution should be exercised in reaching this diagnosis without paying due diligence to the differential diagnosis. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Heisenberg category   Wreath product   Frobenius algebra  

摘要： We describe bases for the morphism spaces of the Frobenius Heisenberg categories associated to a symmetric graded Frobenius algebra, proving several open conjectures. Our proof uses a categorical comultiplication and generalized cyclotomic quotients of the category. We use our basis theorem to prove that the Grothendieck ring of the Karoubi envelope of the Frobenius Heisenberg category recovers the lattice Heisenberg algebra associated to the Frobenius algebra. (C) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Aspect terms extraction   Aspect categories detection   Joint model   Multi-task learning  

摘要： Aspect Terms Extraction (ATE) and Aspect Categories Detection (ACD) are two fundamental sub-tasks for aspectbased sentiment analysis. Most of the existing works mainly focus on the ATE task or the co-extraction of aspect terms and opinion words, while few attention are paid to the ACD task. In this work, we propose a joint model to seamlessly integrate the ATE and ACD tasks into a multi-task learning framework. Each of the tasks is based on multi-layer Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for computing high-level word representations, and produces a task-specific and a task-share vector. The task-share vector of one task is used to propagate information to the other, and guides the counterpart task to align the informative textual features to produce the task-specific vectors. Finally, a fully-connected layer with a softmax/sigmoid function is applied to the task-specific vectors for the specific information extraction. The rationale underlying the proposed joint model is that, aspect terms and aspect categories are semantically related, and the information propagated between the two tasks can help to capture the semantic alignments between the aspect terms and categories, and produce informative task-specific vectors. Moreover, the ATE task models local semantics at each position of a sentence, while the ACD task extracts global features of the whole sentence. The mutual interactions between local and global features, therefore, can reciprocally capture informative textual features for the information extraction tasks. We validate the effectiveness of the proposed model on two widely used datasets, and show its advantage over the state-of-the-art baselines. We also investigate the effectiveness of the multi-task framework by comparing the proposed model with its variants. Further, we study the robustness of the proposed model by presenting the model performance with respect to different hyperparameters. Finally, we provide visualization examples to gain a better un

关键词： Land use change   Land transition matrix   Random change   Systematic change   Mu Us area   Category level  

摘要： Random and systematic change analysis is gradually becoming a common method for effectively detecting land use change signals from land transition matrix, but most researches focus only on the change characteristics at the transition level. This paper attempted to distinguish random and systematic changes at the category level, and to clarify the meanings of these two types of changes, as well as their indicative significances of change causes. This paper first calculated the random expected value of change area at the category level, and the deviation of the actual change area from the expected value. Then we proposed a method for setting a threshold of the deviation to clearly distinguish random and systematic changes. This method could eliminate the influence of land use classification errors on the distinction. Through analyzing the mathematical formulas of random expected area, this paper further clarified the meanings of random and systematic changes as well as their indicative significances to change causes. Land use change in Mu Us area of China was used as a case study. Practice showed that detecting and analyzing the random and systematic signals at the category level could accurately determine the change trend of land use, which could help to explore the relationship between land use change and external influences, especially human activities. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： 老子   妙   哲学内涵   价值影响  

摘要： 道家学派的创始人老子是我国哲学史上极具哲学灵性和哲学气质的智者,其玄妙深奥的哲学思想对中国哲学产生了巨大而深远的影响。在老子哲学中,“妙”作为老子首创的哲学范畴,与老子的核心哲学思想“道”有着密切的联系,且其所蕴含的美学思想为后世的文学艺术创作和理想人格追求提供了典型的范式。本文对老子“妙”进行释义,从“妙道”“妙理”“妙境”三个方面,以及后人对“妙”的发挥和实践着笔,探讨老子“妙”哲学范畴的三重内涵。

关键词： 《公羊義疏》   何休   鄭玄   何休家法  

摘要： 陈立着《公羊义疏》，自言要笃守《公羊》何休家法，从其徵引、疏解同为何休所作之《公羊墨守》、《左氏膏肓》、《榖梁废疾》及郑玄驳何休而作《发墨守》、《箴膏肓》、《释废疾》经说的情况来看，是以《春秋公羊解诂》为中心，何休三书为辅，在此范畴内疏解《公羊》。从其对何休三书说法的分判来看，陈立对何、郑论辩六书的性质尚不明确，仍是依据《解诂》建立的何氏家法为标准，取其中不相违背而能补充说明者纳入家法之范畴，相矛盾之处则以《解诂》为正。而郑玄三书中可与之相发明处，也会为陈立认可，亦是其采纳多家说法以证《公羊》何氏义的体现。虽然陈立於三世说、三科九旨等《公羊》大义发挥不多，但其疏解时始终以何休《解诂》之说为准，反而更表现出对於何氏家法的坚守。此外，《公羊义疏》在徵引、疏解何、郑说法中对於刘逢禄等清儒经说的关注，仍有可进一步研究之空间。