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关键词： Design smell detection   Machine learning   Software metrics   Project context information   God class  

摘要： Design smell detection has proven to be an efficient strategy to improve software quality and consequently decrease maintainability expenses. This work explores the influence of the information about project context expressed as project domain and size category information, on the automatic detection of the god class design smell by machine learning techniques. A set of experiments using eight classifiers to detect god classes was conducted on a dataset containing 12, 587 classes from 24 Java projects. The results show that classifiers change their behavior when they are used on datasets that differ in these kinds of project information. The results show that god class design smell detection can be improved by feeding machine learning classifiers with this project context information.

关键词： Cluster category   Cluster tilting subcategory   Higher angulated category   Triangulated category   Index  

摘要： Let C be a 2-Calabi-Yau triangulated category with two cluster tilting subcategories T and U. A result from Jorgensen and Yakimov (Sel Math (NS) 26:71-90, 2020) and Demonet et al. (Int Math Res Not 2019:852-892, 2017) known as tropical duality says that the index with respect to T provides an isomorphism between the split Grothendieck groups of U and T. We also have the notion of c-vectors, which using tropical duality have been proven to have sign coherence, and to be recoverable as dimension vectors of modules in a module category. The notion of triangulated categories extends to the notion of (d + 2)-angulated categories. Using a higher analogue of cluster tilting objects, this paper generalises tropical duality to higher dimensions. This implies that these basic cluster tilting objects have the same number of indecomposable summands. It also proves that under conditions of mutability, c-vectors in the (d + 2)-angulated case have sign coherence, and shows formulae for their computation. Finally, it proves that under the condition of mutability, the c-vectors are recoverable as dimension vectors of modules in a module category.

关键词： anal cancer   ASC‐   US   ASC‐   H   cytology   HR‐   HPV  

摘要： Anal squamous cell carcinoma is relatively rare, but its incidence and mortality have been increasing worldwide. While anal cytology is a sensitive cancer screening modality, its specificity is low, and data for concurrent high-risk human papilloma virus (HR-HPV) testing are limited. At our institution, anal cancer screening consists of combined anal cytology and high-risk human papilloma virus (HR-HPV) testing on all specimens. The aims of the study were to correlate results of atypical cytological diagnoses [atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and atypical squamous cells cannot exclude high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H)] with HR-HPV testing and determine if co-testing may potentially influence management. A retrospective search over 24-months was performed for anal cytology specimens with diagnoses of ASCUS and ASC-H. Corresponding HR-HPV (HPV 16/18 and Other-31/33/35/39/45/51/52/56/58/59/66/68) results were retrieved, and concordance/discordance was recorded. Cytology results were correlated with anal biopsy diagnoses, when available. A total of 139 patients, including 127 with ASCUS and 12 with ASC-H, were identified. Of the ASCUS cases, 90/127 (70.9%) had HR-HPV, and a squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) was evident in 20/39 (51.2%) of biopsies. All 12/12 (100%) ASC-H were associated with HR-HPV and 3/6 (50%) biopsies had a SIL. Our study supports use of concurrent cytology and HR-HPV for anal cancer screening cytology. Co-testing improves specificity of atypical cytology diagnoses and can identify patients requiring further intervention.

关键词： relative performance   category labels   incentives   rankings   status   regulatory focus  

摘要： Prior research demonstrates that relative performance information affects effort and performance. However, little is known about the qualitative design parameters of these information systems. This study examines, via an experiment, how adding performance category labels to ranks (e.g., "good" ranking position and "poor" ranking position) affects effort and performance. Furthermore, we investigate the effort and performance effects of two design choices observed in practice: the type of performance category labels and the proportion of positively labeled ranks. We argue that performance category labels motivate greater effort and performance through competition for status, which varies with both the type of performance category labels and the proportion of positively labeled ranks. We find partial support for our hypothesis that adding performance category labels increases effort and performance. Specifically, we find positive effects if top ranks are positively labeled and bottom ranks are negatively labeled (combined labels) but not if only top ranks are labeled (positive-only labels). We also find as predicted that the positive effects on effort resulting from using combined labels, instead of positive-only labels, are stronger when the proportion of positively labeled ranks is larger. The results for performance are weaker. Our results shed new light on the usefulness of performance category labels and emphasize how firms can render relative performance information more effective.

摘要： We construct a natural semiorthogonal decomposition for the derived category of an arbitrary flat family of sextic del Pezzo surfaces with at worst du Val singularities. This decomposition has three components equivalent to twisted derived categories of finite flat schemes of degrees 1, 3, and 2 over the base of the family. We provide a modular interpretation for these schemes and compute them explicitly in a number of standard families. For two such families the computation is based on a symmetric version of homological projective duality for P-2 x P-2 and P-1 x P-1 x P-1, which we explain in an appendix.

关键词： Grothendieck group   n-exangulated category   (n+2)-angulated category   n-exact category   n-exangulated subcategory   Extriangulated subcategory  

摘要： We define the Grothendieck group of an n-exangulated category. For n odd, we show that this group shares many properties with the Grothendieck group of an exact or a triangulated category. In particular, we classify dense complete subcategories of an n-exangulated category with an n-(co)generator in terms of subgroups of the Grothendieck group. This unifies and extends results of Thomason, Bergh-Thaule, Matsui and Zhu-Zhuang for triangulated, (n+2)-angulated, exact and extriangulated categories, respectively. We also introduce the notion of an n-exangulated subcategory and prove that the subcategories in our classification theorem carry this structure.

关键词： Gambling-harm   Response-scaling   Problem gambling   Low risk gambling  

摘要： Recent research has shown that harm is not just a feature of problem gambling, but can also be observed in other lower risk categories. Some debates exist, however, as to the distribution of harm across these categories and how harm should be best measured. This study was designed to examine how estimates of self-reported harm are affected by the methodology used. A particular focus was on how harm estimates for low and higher risk gambling (as classified by the PGSI) varied when respondents were able to make more graded attributions of their harm to gambling. An online panel sample of 554 gamblers responded to a brief survey that included the PGSI, measures of gambling harm drawn from Browne et al. (Assessing gambling-related harm in Victoria: a public health perspective, Victorian Responsible Gambling Foundation, Melbourne, 2016) as well as questions about demographics and gambling habits. The recruitment was designed to obtain good representation of each PGSI group, with 23% found to be problem gamblers;36% moderate risk and 21% low risk gamblers. In support of Browne et al. (2016), the findings showed that higher proportions of harm in low risk gamblers is likely to be identified when one uses binary or 'any harm' scoring, but that this effect mostly disappears when more graded scoring or attribution of harm measures are used. Higher risk PGSI groups consistently reported more harms and more serious harms than lower risk groups. It was concluded that the measurement of gambling harm and its estimated distribution over PGSI categories is quite sensitive to how it is measured.

关键词： echocardiography   effective orifice regurgitant area   functional tricuspid regurgitation   PISA  

摘要： Corresponding Author

摘要： Given a slightly degenerate braided pivotal fusion category C, we explain how it naturally gives rise to a Z-modular data. We do not restrict to spherical categories and work with pivotal categories. Finally, we give an interpretation in this framework of the Bonnafe-Rouquier categorification of the Z-modular datum associated to nontrivial family of the cyclic complex reflection group.

关键词： Failing kidneys   thin and thick description   anthropology   entanglements   environment   residual categories   Mexico   CKDu  

摘要： Focusing on 'chronic kidney disease of unknown origin' (CKDu), this paper revisits ethnographic preoccupations with 'thin' and 'thick' descriptions in the context of the unexplained emergence of this unruly disease. CKDu has recently emerged in impoverished sites across the Global South as a 'medical enigma' that defies easy description. Despite growing research efforts from various quarters, however, the search for specific causes using conventional forms of analysis has made little progress. Taking CKDu as a residual category and a contemporary case of society-environment-body entanglements (Latimer and Gomez, 2019;Latour, 2018), we engage Heather Love's descriptive turn as a provocation to examine what it is that is encountered in encounters with 'the enigma of CKDu'. In doing so, we highlight the role of thick and thin descriptions (cf. Love, 2013) in terms of the political relations they make differently visible. We argue both are critical to the 'art of noticing' (Tsing, 2015).