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关键词： Bibliometrics   CRExplorer   reference publication year spectroscopy (RPYS)  

摘要： What are the landmark papers in scientific disciplines? Which papers are indispensable for scientific progress? These are typical questions which are of interest not only for researchers (who frequently know the answers - or guess to know them) but also for the interested general public. Citation counts can be used to identify very useful papers since they reflect the wisdom of the crowd - in this case, the scientists using published results for their research. In this study, we identified with recently developed methods for the program CRExplorer landmark publications in nearly all Web of Science subject categories (WoS-SCs). These are publications which belong more frequently than other publications during the citing years to the top-1 parts per thousand in their subject area. As examples, we show the results of five subject categories: 'Information Science & Library Science', 'Computer Science, Information Systems', 'Computer Science, Software Engineering', 'Psychology, Social' and, 'Chemistry, Physical'. The results of the other WoS-SCs can be found online at . An analyst of the results should keep in mind that the identification of landmark papers depends on the used methods and data. Small differences in methods and/or data may lead to other results.

关键词： Geolocation history   Restaurants   Social media   Palate diversity  

摘要： How mundane or exotic the taste of a cuisine is considered, often determines what kind of visitors a restaurant is likely to get. However, restaurants find it difficult to both (i) gauge such customer expectations as well as (ii) target visitors with broad or narrow palates so as to successfully position their image and design offerings. The current research utilizes digital geolocation history data from restaurant check-ins along with Item Response Theory to identify mundane and exotic cuisines, and tastemakers with broader palates. Data is used from Chicago and San Francisco to compare definitions of exotic restaurant cuisines and tastemakers (visitors). In both cities, quick serve restaurants appear most mundane, while Lebanese and Turkish cuisine emerge as more exotic. Factors that explain palate diversity vary across the two cities.

关键词： Data fusion   discrimination   hyperspectral imaging   Keemun black tea  

摘要： Food fraud causes significant economic losses for the industry and generates distrust between the consumers and traders. Tea is one of the most valued beverages throughout the world, being vulnerable to economically motivated cheat. The objective of the study was to develop the potential of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) allying multivariate analysis and data fusion to identify the authenticity of Keemun black tea quality categories. Data fusion that integrated of texture characteristics based on grey level co-occurrence matrix and visible and near-infrared spectral features via competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) was as the target data for modelling. Support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF) were utilised for the classification of tea samples of seven grades. The RF model using fused data gave the best performance with the correct discriminant rate of 92.70% for the prediction set. This study demonstrated that HSI coupled with RF was effective in identifying tea sample rank.

关键词： Ideal linkage   Module linkage   Category theory   Homological dimensions   Duality  

摘要： Linkage of ideals is a very well-studied topic in algebra. It has lead to the development of module linkage which looks to extend the ideas and results of the former. Although linkage has been used extensively to find many interesting and impactful results, it has only been extended to schemes and modules. This paper builds a framework in which to perform linkage from a categorical perspective. This allows a generalization of many theories of linkage including complete intersection ideal linkage, Gorenstein ideal linkage, linkage of schemes and module linkage. Moreover, this construction brings together many different robust fields of homological algebra including linkage, homological dimensions, and duality. After defining linkage and showing results concerning linkage directly, we explore the connection between linkage, homological dimensions, and duality. Applications of this new framework are sprinkled throughout the paper investigating topics including module linkage, horizontal linkage, module theoretic invariants, and Auslander and Bass classes.

关键词： Auditory development   Children   Normal data   Categories of auditory performance-II  

摘要： Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the development of auditory skills in Mandarin-speaking children with normal hearing using CAP-II, and to establish the baseline data for evaluating the auditory performance of children with hearing loss on which designs of appropriate hearing rehabilitation programs can be based. Materials and methods: A total of 223 children participated in this study of which 200 children aged from 1 to 60 months were finally included. Their normal hearing was confirmed by examination of hearing history and highrisk registers for hearing loss, as well as by hearing screening. All children were divided into 10 groups with 20 children in each group based on age. The CAP-II scale was administered to evaluate their development of auditory skills. Results: The categories of auditory performance scores of children with normal hearing improved with their age, the best-fit regression function for prediction of scores from age was Score = 0.94 & times;ln(age) + 0.08 & times;(age) + 1.16 and prediction of age from score was Age = 0.65 & times;(score)2-0.14 & times;(score)-0.23. The overall CAP-II scale exhibited good reliability and validity. Conclusions: and Significance: An improvement in auditory skill with age in children with normal hearing was observed. Ceiling performance in auditory skills was found at the age of 51 months for normal children. A conversion table between age and scores obtained from the data of this study can be used as a reference for the assessment of clinical hearing ability in children.

关键词： Ballet   bifurcation   categorization   endogeneity   Modernism   The Rite of Spring  

摘要： Pursuing a new theoretical link between sociology of culture and 'categorization' research, the article articulates the process whereby new categories emerge through bifurcation of pre-existing categories. The contribution is in conceptualizing and documenting the underlying interaction of endogenous and exogeneous factors. The assumption is that bifurcation is likely to occur where and when individual practices of contrast maximization interact with the internal tendency toward dichotomization. This form of interaction is instrumental in identifying and explaining 'thresholds' in cultural change. The framework is illustrated with the archetype of 'modern ballet' - The Rite of Spring, choreographed by Vaslav Nijinsky, staged in 1913. By reversing the codes of 'classical' ballet, centered on elegance, lightness and flow, the Rite redefined movement, codifying a language of tension, interruption and constraint. It marked the key moment when a critical part of the audience interpreted 'bad' ballet as 'new' ballet. The analysis draws parallels with bifurcation processes in physics and system dynamics.

关键词： clustering   categorical time series   random observation time   multiple change points   reversible jump MCMC  

摘要： System logs or log files containing textual messages with associated time stamps are generated by many technologies and systems. The clustering technique proposed in this paper provides a tool to discover and identify patterns or macrolevel events in this data. The motivating application is logs generated by frequency converters in the propulsion system on a ship, while the general setting is fault identification and classification in complex industrial systems. The paper introduces an offline approach for dividing a time series of log messages into a series of discrete segments of random lengths. These segments are clustered into a limited set of states. A state is assumed to correspond to a specific operation or condition of the system, and can be a fault mode or a normal operation. Each of the states can be associated with a specific, limited set of messages, where messages appear in a random or semi-structured order within the segments. These structures are in general not defined a priori. We propose a Bayesian hierarchical model where the states are characterised both by the temporal frequency and the type of messages within each segment. An algorithm for inference based on reversible jump MCMC is proposed. The performance of the method is assessed by both simulations and operational data.

关键词： 18D10   16T05   20C15  

摘要： Arbitrarily many pairwise inequivalent modular categories can share the same modular data. We exhibit a family of examples that are module categories over twisted Drinfeld doubles of finite groups, and thus in particular integral modular categories.