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关键词： Triangulated category   Exact category   n-angulated category   n-exact category  

摘要： For each positive integer n we introduce the notion of n-exangulated categories as higher dimensional analogues of extriangulated categories defined by Nakaoka-Palu. We characterize which n-exangulated categories are n-exact in the sense of Jasso and which are (n 2)-angulated in the sense of Geiss-Keller-Oppermann. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Temperature   Infectious diarrhea   Nonlinearity   Multicity study  

摘要： Background: Many studies have explored the association between meteorological factors and infectious diarrhea (ID) transmission but with inconsistent results, in particular the roles from temperatures. We aimed to explore the effects of temperatures on the transmission of category C ID, to identify its potential heterogeneity in different climate zones of China, and to provide scientific evidence to health authorities and local communities for necessary public health actions. Methods: Daily category C ID counts and meteorological variables were collected from 270 cities in China over the period of 2014-16. Distributed lag non-linear models (DLNMs) were applied in each city to obtain the cityspecific temperature-disease associations, then a multivariate meta-analysis was implemented to pool the cityspecific effects. Multivariate meta-regression was conducted to explore the potential effect modifiers. Attributable fraction was calculated for both low and high temperatures, defined as temperatures below the 5th percentile of temperature or above the 95th percentile of temperature. Results: A total of 2,715,544 category C ID cases were reported during the study period. Overall, a M-shaped curve relationship was observed between temperature and category C ID, with a peak at the 81st percentile of temperatures (RR = 1.723, 95% CI: 1.579-1.881) compared to 50th percentile of temperatures. The pooled associations were generally stronger at high temperatures compared to lowambient temperatures, and the attributable fraction due to heat was higher than cold. Latitude was identified as a possible effect modifier. Conclusions: The overall positive pooled associations between temperature and category C ID in China suggest the increasing temperature could bring aboutmore category C infectious diarrhea cases, which warrants further public health measurements. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Anxiety   Depression   Genomics   Molecular mechanisms   Animal models  

摘要： Despite high prevalence, medical impact and societal burden, anxiety, depression and other affective disorders remain poorly understood and treated. Clinical complexity and polygenic nature complicate their analyses, often revealing genetic overlap and cross-disorder heritability. However, the interplay or overlaps between disordered phenotypes can also be based on shared molecular pathways and 'crosstalk' mechanisms, which themselves may be genetically determined. We have earlier predicted (Kalueff et al., 2014) a new class of 'interlinking' brain genes that do not affect the disordered phenotypes per se, but can instead specifically determine their interrelatedness. To test this hypothesis experimentally, here we applied a well-established rodent chronic social defeat stress model, known to progress in C57BL/6J mice from the Anxiety-like stage on Day 10 to Depression-like stage on Day 20. The present study analyzed mouse whole-genome expression in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus during the Day 10, the Transitional (Day 15) and Day 20 stages in this model. Our main question here was whether a putative the Transitional stage (Day 15) would reveal distinct characteristic genomic responses from Days 10 and 20 of the model, thus reflecting unique molecular events underlining the transformation or switch from anxiety to depression pathogenesis. Overall, while in the Day 10 (Anxiety) group both brain regions showed major genomic alterations in various neurotransmitter signaling pathways, the Day 15 (Transitional) group revealed uniquely downregulated astrocyte-related genes, and the Day 20 (Depression) group demonstrated multiple downregulated genes of cell adhesion, inflammation and ion transport pathways. Together, these results reveal a complex temporal dynamics of mouse affective phenotypes as they develop. Our genomic profiling findings provide first experimental support to the idea that novel brain genes (activated here only during the Transitional stage) may

关键词： Collapsing categorical data   confirmatory factor analysis   robust estimation   simulation  

摘要： When questionnaires include Likert scales, items endorsed by relatively few respondents may result from characteristics of examinees or the constructs under study. Researchers may collapse categories to increase cell sample size;however, effects of this practice have not been systematically investigated. A five-point ordinal scale was simulated where data included few responses in extreme categories. Different estimators were applied to sparsely distributed and collapsed category data;characteristics of sample size, number of categories, number of items including sparse data, and percentage of sparse data were manipulated. Collapsing categories were advantageous for ULSMV and WLSMV, yielding higher convergence rates, more accurate estimation of parameters and standard errors, and chi-square test rejection rates close to the nominal level. With many response categories (e.g., >= 5), treating sparse data as continuous and using MLMV may serve as an alternative, especially when a small percentage of total items contain low cell frequencies.

关键词： 音乐学   音乐史   音乐美学   抽象的纯粹的形式语言   感性经验本体   想象作为超结构性结构  

摘要： 本文以经典话语作为导引,就音乐美学之于音乐学范畴与音乐史进程中的艺术学问题、美学问题、哲学问题进行讨论。

关键词： 质朴   书法美学   审美范畴  

摘要： 质朴是书法审美范畴的一种,在书法审美范畴体系中占据着较为重要的地位,也是书法审美范畴理论体系架构的重要支柱。“质朴”这一审美范畴在中国书法创作中广为运用,无论从创作者本身独特的艺术构思、作品的笔法字法和章法、作品所展现的艺术风格,还是鉴赏者的独特角度来看,无一不闪烁着民族文化的光辉。本文将通过对“质朴”含义的深入挖掘以及对相关作品的分析,梳理出“质朴”范畴发展的时代脉络,全方位展现出书法美学中的“质朴”美。

关键词： 习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想   范畴   实践化   概念化  

摘要： 如何正确认识习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的科学体系是一个是重要的政治问题,也是个重要的学理性问题,范畴研究为从方法论或元理论意义上探寻这一思想的科学体系阐释提供了可能性。通过构建"范畴群"即范畴体系,将作为一个科学理论体系的习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的整体性展示出来,从而真正把握其精神实质和深刻内涵。深入推进习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想科学体系阐释中的新范畴研究,对于以整体性把握习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想具有重要的作用。

关键词： “原人”   印度古典文艺理论   话语体系  

摘要： 出自《梨俱吠陀》的"原人"意象对印度民族的思维方式和文化性格产生了深刻的影响。它被古代印度宗教哲学家和古典梵语文艺理论家反复阐释和不断化用。本文重点关注"原人"范畴的生成发展与传播变异,既对印度古典文艺理论中的"原人"范畴的科际衍生进行考察,也尝试探索"原人"论所体现的印度古典文艺理论话语特征及民族特色。

关键词： 牛津大学出版社   示证范畴   语言文化研究   述介   澳大利亚  

摘要： 《牛津示证范畴手册》(The Oxford Handbook of Evidentiality)是牛津大学出版社2018年出版的"牛津系列手册"之一,全书共xxxiv+885页,共4部分36章,由澳大利亚詹姆斯·库克大学(James Cook University)语言文化研究中心主任Alexandra ***主编。

关键词： 公诉案件   律师事务所   自诉案件   诽谤罪   网络诽谤犯罪   民盟   被害人   全国两会  

摘要： “建议将网络诽镑犯罪纳人公诉案件范畴,这样更有利于保护被害人的合法权益。”3月9曰,正在北京参加全国两会的住川全国政协委员、民盟四川省委副主委、四川恒和信律师事务所主任李正国表示,希望将通过网络实施的诽谤罪由自诉案件转为公诉案件。