学科服务 更多>>

关键词： Aortic origin of a pulmonary artery   Intralobar pulmonary sequestration   Complications   Category  

摘要： Background The nomenclature of both intralobar pulmonary sequestration (ILS) and aortic origin of a pulmonary artery (AOPA) remains controversial. According to this review, both ILS and AOPA have an anomalous systemic arterial supply to all or part of the lung with venous drainage into the pulmonary veins, which leads to pulmonary hypertension, congestive heart failure, and fatal pulmonary haemorrhage. The purpose of this review was to consider whether these two rare congenital anomalies have similar anatomical, clinical and pathological characteristics. Methods This review was conducted by researching relevant literature using PubMed and MEDLINE databases to January 2019. All researched literature was related to the anatomical, associated anomalies, pathophysiology and clinical features of the extralobar pulmonary sequestration (ELS), ILS, and AOPA, and the therapeutic method for ILS and AOPA. Results Through research literature, it was found that ILS and AOPA may differ in terms of embryonic origin, but some of the anatomical, histopathological, physiological and clinical features of these two congenital malformations are similar. However, ELS and ILS have significant differences in their anatomical, histopathological, physiological, and clinical features. Conclusions This study proposes that ILS and AOPA could be classified as one single condition - systemic arterialisation of the lung - and further divided into three subtypes, namely: types I, II and Ill. This new classification nomenclature permits the appropriate change of novel surgical techniques, which obviate the need for lobectomy or segmentectomy in specific cases, thereby minimising fatal postoperative complications.

关键词： adolescent   body mass index   child   obesity   overweight   risk factors   tonsillectomy  

摘要： Objectives To determine the standardised body mass index (BMIz) trajectory before and after adenotonsillectomy/tonsillectomy between children in different weight classifications in a larger sample than has been studied previously, and to identify which patient factors would explain the difference in these outcomes. Design We used a retrospective chart review and leveraged data of weight status pre- and post-adenotonsillectomy/tonsillectomy from a cohort of paediatric patients seen between May 2004 and April 2017. Setting Data were collected from an electronic medical record at a single Midwest paediatric health system. Participants The study population included a convenience sample of 1,751 paediatric patients who underwent adenotonsillectomy or tonsillectomy and had at least two height and weight measurements recorded on the same date both before and after surgery. Main Outcome Measures Change in BMIz trajectories before and after surgery. Results Of 1751 paediatric patients (ages 3-11) underwent adenotonsillectomy/tonsillectomy procedures. Age at time of surgery and gender were not significant predictors. Children in different weight classifications demonstrated differences in BMIz trajectory after surgery. Children with overweight/obesity experience a decrease in BMIz, whereas children with underweight or normal weight experience an increase in BMIz. Conclusions Improvement in weight status is seen after surgery: increased BMI for those underweight and decreased BMI for those with overweight/obesity. We advocate for behavioural strategies as a first-line treatment in children with underweight or overweight/obesity, and results suggest that coordinating these efforts alongside adenotonsillectomy/tonsillectomy when indicated for medical reasons may be warranted. However, further research is needed to confirm these findings due to the observational nature of this study.

关键词： Primary   secondary  

摘要： In this paper we study categories of tilting modules in "quasi-hereditary-like" categories, extending joint work with Stroppel and Tubbenhauer. We show that such categories form strictly object-adapted cellular categories. Then we use this fact to specify a subset of our cellular basis elements, which generates all morphisms. We describe our methods in details for tilting modules of a reductive algebraic group G over a field of characteristic bigger than 2, and also of its subgroup schemes G(r)T. As concrete examples we exemplify our constructions for G = SL2, and for tilting modules in the ordinary BGG category O. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Span category   Partial map category   Category of fractions   Restriction category   Range category  

摘要： For a composition-closed and pullback-stable class Sof morphisms in a category C-containing all isomorphisms, we form the category Span(C, S) of S-spans ( s, f) in C with first "leg" slying in S, and give an alternative construction of its quotient category C[S-1] of S-fractions. Instead of trying to turn S-morphisms "directly" into isomorphisms, we turn them separately into retractions and into sections in a universal manner, thus obtaining the quotient categories Retr (C, S) and Sect ( C, S). The fraction category C[S-1] is their largest joint quotient category. Without confining Sto be a class of monomorphisms of C, we show that Sect (C, S) admits a quotient category, Par (C, S), whose name is justified by two facts. On one hand, for S a class of monomorphisms in C, it returns the category of S-spans in C, also called S-partial maps in this case;on the other hand, we prove that Par (C, S) is a split restriction category (in the sense of Cockett and Lack). A further quotient construction produces even a range category (in the sense of Cockett, Guo and Hofstra), RaPar (C, S), which is still large enough to admit C[S-1] as its quotient. Both, ParandRaPar, are the left adjoints of global 2-adjunctions. When restricting these to their "fixed objects", one obtains precisely the 2-equivalences by which their name givers characterized restriction and range categories. Hence, both Par (C, S) and RaPar (C, S) may be naturally presented as Par(D, T) andRaPar(D, T), respectively, where now Tis a class of monomorphisms in D. In summary, while there is no a priorineed for the exclusive consideration of classes of monomorphisms, one may resort to them naturally. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Categorisation   Conversation   Spoken language   Italian  

摘要： In this paper, I provide an account of categorisation intended as an action that participants carry out in conversation. As opposed to cognitive theories, which are mainly interested in how language structure can be explained with reference to the human conceptual system, discourse-based theories are interested in studying how linguistic resources are used to create categories on a locally relevant basis. Based on recent contributions within the latter framework, I provide in this article a preliminary overview of a corpus study on spoken Italian (Goria and Mauri, 2018) and I illustrate different types of structurally unrelated constructions that are recruited by the participants to perform categorisation in spontaneously occurring interactions. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Aspect-based sentiment analysis   Question-answering reviews   Multi-task learning   GPU clusters   Data parallelism  

摘要： Cluster computing technologies are rapidly advancing and user-generated online reviews are booming in the current Internet and e-commerce environment. The latest question-answering (Q&A)-style reviews are novel, abundant and easily digestible product reviews that also contain massive valuable information for customers. In this paper, we mine valuable aspect information of products contained in these reviews on GPU clusters. To achieve this goal, we utilize two subtasks of aspect-based sentiment analysis: aspect term extraction (ATE) and aspect category classification (ACC). Most previous works focused on only one task or solved these two tasks separately, even though they are highly interrelated, and they do not make full use of abundant training resources. To address this problem, we propose a novel multi-task neural learning model to jointly handle these two tasks and explore the performance of our model on GPU clusters. We conducted extensive comparative experiments on an annotated corpus and found that our proposed model outperforms several baseline models in ATE and ACC tasks on GPU clusters, yielding significant strides in data mining for these types of reviews.