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关键词： Fraud   Impact factor   Peer review   Plagiarism   Plagiarism detection systems   Scientific misconduct  

摘要： Objective: To describe the biomedical journal characteristics that are associated with the retraction of papers. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. All papers retracted and indexed in PubMed from January 1st, 2013 to December 31st, 2016 were included. We used nine main categories to classify retractions: aspects related with data, authors issues, plagiarism, unethical research, journal issues, review process, conflict of interest, other, and unknown. These categories were further classified as: misconduct, suspicion of misconduct, or no misconduct. Results: The proportion of retraction was 2.5 per 10,000 publications. Retractions appeared in 611 journals. During the study period, retraction due to misconduct was more frequent among journals with low-impact factor. Within these retracted publications, among low-impact journals the presence of misconduct was higher with a 73% compared to 61% for the high-impact journals (p=0.001). There were differences in the percentage of retractions due to misconduct regarding the journal classification category (p <0.001). Conclusions: Retraction of publications is present in both high- and low-impact factor biomedical journals, but misconduct is more frequent among the papers retracted from lower impact journals. Measures before and after publication should be taken to limit misconduct. (C) 2019 SESPAS. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L.U.

关键词： auxiliary   modal   Indonesian   crossed control   backward control  

摘要： This research report discusses a set of Indonesian predicates exemplified by mau 'want' and suka 'like'. 1 demonstrate with several diagnostics that these morphemes occur as either auxiliary or verb, and note that the availability of the auxiliary reading has been overlooked in recent literature. Since mau and suka belong to the set of so-called crossed control predicates, the lexical ambiguity discussed here has implications for potential analyses of crossed control sentences. I suggest that the auxiliary reading for mau, suka, and other predicates must be carefully ruled out before the existence of a crossed reading can be established.

关键词： Bibliometrics   Scientometrics   Citescore   Journal impact factor   Jif   Citations   Library and information services   Clarivate analytics   Scopus   Journal based metric  

摘要： In June 2020 Elsevier announced that the CiteScore metric of journals underwent a change. This work examines the effect of these changes for 40 journals, chosen from the top five and middle five (ranked by CiteScore) journals in the subject areas of General Physics and Astronomy, Materials Science, Medicine, Social Sciences) and compares to the Journal Impact Factor. It is shown that in the data studied here, the new methodology is less susceptible to influence of the proportion of editorial material in a journal, but tends to favour journals in research fields that publish articles which get cited more quickly.

关键词： Risk terrain modeling   Crime generators and attractors   Conjunctive analysis   Violent crime   Situational crime prevention  

摘要： City-driven open data initiatives have made spatially referenced crime and risk factor data more readily available online, allowing for significance tests to determine the relationship between environment and crime. This paper uses a variety of open source data to assess risk factors for specific violent crime types (assault, homicide, rape, robbery) in three different cities. The results contribute to our understanding of 1) variation in intra-city risk factors for each violent crime type, 2) the degree of spatial overlap for high-risk places for each violent crime type within a city, and 3) the generalizability of risk factors across crime types and cities. Risk Terrain Modeling (RTM) was used to determine the risk factors associated with each crime type at the micro-level and conjunctive analyses of case configurations (CACC) determined the unique behavior settings at the highest risk for each specific violent crime in each city. The findings indicate that intra-city risk factors vary greatly for each violent crime, highrisk places for different violent crimes tend to not overlap spatially within a city, and risk factors are not generalizable across crime types or across cities. Researchers and law enforcement need to examine local, crime-specific contexts when assessing crime problems and generating solutions.

关键词： Thyroid nodule   Atypia of undetermined significance   Follicular lesion of undetermined significance   Surgery  

摘要： Purpose Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is widely used for the diagnosis of thyroid nodules detected by ultrasonography. However, the cytology of atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS) often leads to unnecessary thyroid surgery. This study aimed to identify a strategy to reduce unnecessary surgeries in patients with AUS/FLUS nodules. Methods Medical records of 667 patients with the cytology of AUS/FLUS who underwent surgery from January 2007 to December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinicopathological data were analyzed to identify malignant factors in thyroid nodules with AUS/FLUS. Factors were compared between patients with thyroid cancer and those with benign thyroid nodules, using stepwise multivariate logistic regression and decision tree model. Results Pathological thyroid cancer was identified in 193 (43.3%) patients. There was a significant difference in malignancy incidence with respect to family history, number of nodules, number of FNAs, ultrasonographic finding, lymphocytic thyroiditis, and BRAF(V600E) mutation. Multivariate analysis showed that ultrasonography (K-TIRADS 5) was the most influential independent predictor of malignancy in AUS/FLUS (odds ratio = 11.02, p < 0.001), followed by possessing BRAF(V600E) mutation (odds ratio = 4.54, p < 0.001). This strategy enabled 226 (89.3%) patients to avoid unnecessary surgeries based on the decision tree model. There was no node of repeated FNA in the decision tree model, which reduced the risk of malignancy (odds ratio = 0.35, p = 0.029). Conclusion K-TIRADS 5 and BRAF(V600E) mutation were predictive of malignancy in nodules of AUS/FLUS. These factors should be considered in strategies to reduce unnecessary surgeries for AUS/FLUS.

关键词： Biocultural conservation   Plant Resource Use   Sustainability   Local ecological knowledge  

摘要： The article presents the discussion on type 2 diabetes. Topics include intensive vs standard blood pressure control in people with type 2 diabetes; efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists; and impact of ethnicity on efficacy of DPP4I, SGLT2I, and GLP-1RA.