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关键词： 《文心雕龙》   气   英译   变异   汉学  

摘要： “气”是中国古代文论重要的元范畴。刘勰在《文心雕龙》中以文“气”评诗论文,极大地推动了“气”范畴在古代文学理批评中的成熟运用。本文将《文心雕龙》中的“气”置于海外汉学的言述场域中,考量《文心雕龙》中“气”范畴的各类英译诠释,揭橥其英译过程中变异的汉学形态及其变异策略。研究发现海外汉学家在《文心雕龙》元范畴“气”英译过程中采取了语词符号层面的陌生化变异、语义层面的可读性变异及意义层面的阐释性变异。以陌生化变异激发视域关注;以语义变异增强译文可读;以阐释变异回归拓展原义。这些变异策略不仅具有积极的跨文化传播意义,为中国文论外译提供方法论意义,也为中国文论的海外言述场域打开了全新的阐述空间和意义生长点。

关键词： Homotopy theory of algebras   Triangulated categories   Bivariant algebraic K-theory  

摘要： Let l be a commutative ring with unit. Garkusha constructed a functor from the category of l-algebras into a triangulated category D, that is a universal excisive and homotopy invariant homology theory. Later on, he provided different descriptions of D, as an application of his motivic homotopy theory of algebras. Using these, it can be shown that Dis triangulated equivalent to a category, denote it by K, whose objects are pairs (A, m) with Aan l-algebra and man integer, and whose Hom-sets can be described in terms of homotopy classes of morphisms. All these computations, however, require a heavy machinery of homotopy theory. In this paper, we give a more explicit construction of the triangulated category Kand prove its universal property, avoiding the homotopy-theoretic methods and using instead the ones developed by Cortinas-Thom for defining kk-theory. Moreover, we give a new description of the composition law in K, mimicking the one in the suspension-stable homotopy category of bornological algebras defined by Cuntz-Meyer-Rosenberg. We also prove that the triangulated structure in K can be defined using either extension or mapping path triangles. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： 三角范畴   t-结构   K_i-群  

摘要： 结合t-结构的性质,讨论三角范畴的Ki-群与其t-结构Ki-群之间的关系,得到若t-结构是稳定t-结构,则三角范畴的Ki-群同构于其t-结构Ki-群的直和(i=0,1)。

关键词： 物象   字象   书象   心象   意象  

摘要： 中国传统书法观念中潜藏着中国哲学意识影响的暗流。在《周易》"象"思想的影响下,中国书法审美意识中"象"的内涵建构,是书家基于形象可观的自然物象,再由"近取诸身,远取诸物"的文字象形过渡到"囊括万殊,裁成一相"的书法抽象。从书法抽象角度来说,中国传统书法与传统绘画是姊妹艺术,同时两者又有不同;书法的抽象与西方数理几何的抽象有着不同的精神性格。从物象到心象,是书家立象尽意的过程。在物我会通中,书法之美一时明亮起来。

关键词： 意识形态   乌托邦   跨文化形象学   知识社会学   他者形象  

摘要： 意识形态形象与乌托邦形象是异国形象的基本类型,根据想象主体与被想象的他者的关系划分的这两个基本类型隐含一对解释异国形象的知识社会学研究框架。不过,在解释异国形象的复杂意涵与机制时,需要反思这一对明显带有二元对立色彩的范畴。在这两种形象类型之间存在交叉重叠的情形,同一个文本中既有意识形态的形象又有乌托邦的形象,有些形象随着时代变化也会在意识形态形象和乌托邦形象之间转换。在意识形态与乌托邦两种形象类型之外还有益友形象和兄弟形象。异国形象研究超越了意识形态形象与乌托邦形象这两个基本类型,但是解释异国形象的知识杜会学研究框架仍然可以解释这两个基本类型之间与之外的其他形象。我们至少可以从社会集体想象物、想象主体的不同视角、社会结构和具体语境等方面分析他者形象的形成机制与意涵。在文化建构过程中他者形象是想象主体所面临的各种矛盾交织角力而产生的结果。超越意识形态与乌托邦是为了更有效地解释他者形象的复杂性,而不是否定这个解释性框架的有效性,解释的目的在于揭示出他者形象形成的机制以及形象背后想象主体所面临的文化矛盾和文化困境。

关键词： 翻译理论   翻译策略   翻译技巧   概念次序  

摘要： 翻译理论是从翻译实践中概括出来的相关知识系统化结论以及对于翻译相关的现象或者本质做系统的描写和阐释;翻译策略通常指涉对象是文化,即体现译者对源语言文化的取舍和选择;直译和意译属于翻译方法,是实现翻译策略的具体手段,指涉对象是语言形式;翻译技巧则以贯彻翻译方法为目的,具体体现在译者在文章词句的调整技巧上,具体包括注释、增词法、减词法、转换语序等等。由此自上而下,其次序大致可列为理论、策略、方法、技巧,在翻译应加以明确并贯彻这一点。

关键词： 刚柔   《周易》   英译  

摘要： “刚柔”范畴的英译因经典文献的外传而得以产生。本论文基于《周易》中对“刚柔”的记载,归纳总结了“刚柔”在象数、自然以及宇宙三个层面中的含义。并对比理雅各英译本《周易》中对“刚柔”的翻译,分析出其在理解卦辞含义、卦爻属性以及单词选择等方面出现的误译与悟译现象。由此,得出中国古典范畴外译时,首先,应当以通行本为主导,参照多种校注本,以精确理解范畴原初含义为翻译之前提;其次,应探寻他国语境中的“互文性”范畴,以范畴之间的汇通性为翻译之手段;最后,应发掘范畴的普适性价值,以人类的视角为翻译之立场。

关键词： 《1857-1858年经济学手稿》   资本及其逻辑   唯物史观   批判  

摘要： 《1857-1858年经济学手稿》是马克思资本批判旅程中的一个重要“驿站”。通过对资本概念形成过程中三大因素的批判性分析,马克思揭示了资本的物的维度、关系维度和过程维度。通过对资本范畴的政治经济学批判,马克思不仅向世人呈现了资本膨胀自身的逻辑,还指认了资本在其运作过程中表现为“一个活生生的矛盾”。在此基础上,马克思透彻分析了资本持存的界限问题,并道说了超越这些限制的方法和道路。对资本范畴的批判性认知,对于深入理解资本主义社会的本质与逻辑有着莫大的帮助。

关键词： Primary 18A30   18G55   55U35   55U40   Secondary 18A05   18G30   55U10  

摘要： In this paper we prove that various quasi-categories whose objects are8-categories in a very general sense are complete: admitting limits indexed by all simplicial sets. This result and others of a similar flavor follow from a general theorem in which we characterize the data that is required to define a limit cone in a quasi-category constructed as a homotopy coherent nerve. Since all quasi-categories arise this way up to equivalence, this analysis covers the general case. Namely, we show that quasi-categorical limit cones may be modeled at the point-set level by pseudo homotopy limit cones, whose shape is governed by the weight for pseudo limits over a homotopy coherent diagram but with the defining universal property up to equivalence, rather than isomorphism, of mapping spaces. Our applications follow from the fact that the (8, 1)-categorical core of an 8-cosmos admits weighted homotopy limits for all flexible weights, which includes in particular the weight for pseudo cones.

关键词： Cancer registry   hospital-based   incidence   population-based   small cell lung cancer (SCLC)  

摘要： Background Lung cancer is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has been determined to be the most lethal lung malignancy. Few studies have previously analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of SCLC in China. This study analyzed the epidemiological characteristics of SCLC aiming to provide a reference for the prevention of SCLC in Hebei Province. Methods The epidemiological characteristics of SCLC using lung cancer data based on population and hospital cancer registries in Hebei Province between 2008 and 2017 were analyzed. Results The proportion of both population- and hospital-based SCLC cases displayed a significant increasing trend. Moreover, the proportion of males was higher than that for female based on population- and hospital-based cases. The proportion of hospital-based SCLC cases in counties was higher than that in cities, whereas there were no significant regional differences between cities and counties based on population. The proportion of both population- and hospital-based SCLC cases decreased consistently with increasing age. There was a difference between population- and hospital-based distribution of subcategories of SCLC. Conclusions Significant increases in the proportion of both population- and hospital-based SCLC cases over recent years, particularly in males and in patients aged over 55 years, were observed. Research on the pathogenesis of SCLC in these patients and prevention is urgently required.