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关键词： 妇科疾病   早期筛查   妇产科领域   生殖系统肿瘤   人乳头瘤病毒   阴道癌   高危型   基细胞   妇科恶性肿瘤   早期诊断  

摘要： 目前为止,在妇产科领域开展了很多关于疾病机制的分子生物学研究和遗传学研究,其中以恶性肿瘤的机制研究最为多见。恶性肿瘤的早期诊断和治疗是精准医疗的重点和首要目标。就妇科恶性肿瘤而言,除了基于高危型人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）检测联合液基细胞检测（TCT）的宫颈癌早期筛查外,其余妇科生殖系统肿瘤（如外阴癌、阴道癌、子宫内膜癌、卵巢癌）均缺少理想的早期筛查和早期诊断靶点和方法。

关键词： 婴幼儿语言习得   音位范畴化   语音一语义交互作用   神经计算建模   可扩展的自组织网络  

摘要： 婴幼儿对母语音位范畴的习得依赖于其与语言社会的交互。本研究从计算建模的角度出发,通过建立语言习得模型,利用家长输入语语料,模拟婴幼儿在言语交互中习得母语音位范畴的过程。基于联结的模型网络结构,本研究观察了语音信息和语义信息在音位习得中的交互作用。模拟结果揭示出,婴幼儿母语音位感知的建立不是一个由单一因素所决定的过程,基于语义的由高层到底层的加工对形成正确的母语音位范畴感知起着至关重要的作用。

关键词： 健康   互文性   哲学范畴   身体间性  

摘要： 健康论研究本质上是一次哲学化的思辨之旅,发端于语义阐释,范畴建构,继而进行思维镜像分析。基于这一路径,在健康内涵、外延拓展的基础上开启哲学修辞的探究,首先,借鉴米尔德丽德·布拉克斯特《健康是什么》书中健康互文性的分析,建构出系统的健康范畴,随后对健康的身体间性进行了深入挖掘,从客体间性、主体间性、主客间性三个层面阐释了健康的认知落差,延续了梅洛·庞蒂《可见与不可见》与丽塔·卡蓉《叙事医学》中的身体间性思考,从而丰富了健康论的学术蕴涵,提升其认知高度。

关键词： 范宁   左传   富艳   范畴  

摘要： 《左传》乃经学之一种,又为史学、文学的典范。从批评史的视野来看,对《左传》的批评,事实上已经形成了一个独特的文学批评系统,一些概念、范畴、命题而有了广泛的文学批评史意义。范宁以"富艳"而论《左传》,提要勾玄,堪称允当。《左传》合经学、史学、文学为一体,因而富艳内涵丰溢,涵盖义旨之精微丰厚,义法之高妙、内容之丰富生动以及结构之整饬迭宕、叙事之深婉、语言之奇异、艺术之华美,以及由此而形成的强烈艺术感染力。《左传》之富艳,乃为情而造文,其经学的本色和思想底蕴,成就了堪称伟大之文学。文章申而论之,以期有所发覆,彰显这一范畴的意蕴,有裨益于文学批评及《左传》之研究。

关键词： 词类标注   兼类词   双层词类范畴化理论模型   使用频率   规约化  

摘要： 目前,各汉英词典和语文词典对"承诺"一词的词类标注存在分歧。文章基于王仁强提出的双层词类范畴化理论模型,通过对语料库的使用模式的调查,对该词重新进行词类标注,发现该词属于动名兼类词。通过探讨"承诺"一词的词类归属,以期对汉英词典的编纂提供合理的建议。

关键词： 《英汉对比研究》第七章   非动词   动词   静态   动态  

摘要： 连淑能(2014)认为,英语常常采用非动词的形式表达动词的意义,因而表达呈静态;汉语动词用得多,因而表达呈动态。连淑能尝试用伦道夫·夸克、西德尼·戈林鲍姆、杰弗里·利奇、简·斯瓦特威克的《当代英语语法》中一段论述作为自己的理论基础,实际上那段论述是对连淑能观点的证伪。本文认为,"动词"、"非动词"是语法范畴,"动态"、"静态"描写词语的语义特征。作为语义特征,不管是"动态"还是"静态",都不可能成为一类实词的普遍特征。动词可能是静态,非动词可能是动态。翻译时,一个句子可能经历词类与结构转换,而不是动态与静态之间的转换。

关键词： 骄傲   酸   金钱观   范畴  

摘要： 我有几个特别要好的朋友，都有强悍的金钱观。比如许多多，推崇亦舒金句“没有爱，有许多许多的钱也好”。她说人生的很多事情都是钱可以解决的，而钱解决不了的则属于命运的范畴，多想无益。

关键词： ENGLISH language   CORPORA (Linguistics)   ORAL communication   CONVERSATION analysis   PRAGMATICS   IRELAND   GREAT Britain  

摘要： This study uses the Limerick Corpus of Irish English (LCIE), and a sample of the Cambridge and Nottingham Corpus of Discourse in English (CANCODE) to implement a corpus pragmatic approach to the analysis of Irish English by focusing on the organization of turn-taking in two connected, though distinct, varieties of world Englishes, Irish English and British English. The aim of the research is two-pronged: we explore how naturally-occurring conversation is organised in the two varieties for comparative purposes, seeking to understand how confluence in turn-taking is achieved in everyday interactions, as well as examining how the interactional flow is achieved through the manipulation of small, interpersonally loaded items, turn initial and turn final, with the focus here on turn final items.

关键词： Arizona   Grand Canyon   inundation   plant trait   riparian   water use efficiency  

摘要： Wetland indicator status (WIS) describes the habitat affinity of plant species and is used in wetland delineations and resource inventories. Understanding how species-level functional traits vary across WIS categories may improve designations, elucidate mechanisms of adaptation, and explain habitat optima and niche. We investigated differences in species-level traits of riparian flora across WIS categories, extending their application to indicate hydrologic habitat. We measured or compiled data on specific leaf area (SLA), stem specific gravity (SSG), seed mass, and mature height of 110 plant species that occur along the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona. Additionally, we measured leaf C-13, N-15, % carbon, % nitrogen, and C/N ratio of 56 species with C3 photosynthesis. We asked the following: (i) How do species-level traits vary over WIS categories? (ii) Does the pattern differ between herbaceous and woody species? (iii) How well do multivariate traits define WIS categories? (iv) Which traits are correlated? The largest trait differences among WIS categories for herbaceous species occurred for SSG, seed mass, % leaf carbon and height, and for woody species occurred for height, SSG, and C-13. SSG increased and height decreased with habitat aridity for both woody and herbaceous species. The C-13 and hence water use efficiency of woody species increased with habitat aridity. Water use efficiency of herbaceous species increased with habitat aridity via greater occurrence of C4 grasses. Multivariate trait assemblages differed among WIS categories. Over all species, SLA was correlated with height, C-13, % leaf N, and C/N;height was correlated with SSG and % leaf C;SSG was correlated with % leaf C. Adaptations of both herbaceous and woody riparian species to wet, frequently inundated habitats include low-density stem tissue. Adaptations to drier habitats in the riparian zone include short, high-density cavitation-resistant stem tissue, and high water use efficiency.

关键词： DRUG side effects   PREVENTION   PHARMACODYNAMICS   ARRHYTHMIA   DRUG toxicity   MEDICATION safety   ETIOLOGY of diseases  

摘要： Growing evidence indicates that many drugs have the ability to cause a potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia, torsades de pointes (TdP). This necessitates the development of a compilation of drugs that have this potential toxicity. Such a list is helpful in identifying the etiology of TdP in patients taking multiple drugs and assists decision making by those caring for patients at high risk of TdP. The Arizona Center for Education and Research on Therapeutics (AZCERT) has developed a process to standardize the identification of drugs and place them in risk categories for their clinical ability to cause TdP and QT prolongation. AZCERT's Adverse Drug Event Causality Analysis (ADECA) utilizes 16 types of data drawn from four sources to compile an open-source knowledge base, QTdrugs, which is maintained on the *** website. Because the evidence for most drugs is incomplete, the ADECA process is used to place drugs into one of three categories that represent different levels of certainty: known TdP risk, possible TdP risk, and conditional TdP risk. Each category has strict evidentiary requirements for clinical evidence of TdP and/or QT prolongation. These are described in this paper. Because evidence can evolve over time, the ADECA process includes the continuous gathering and analysis of newly emerging evidence to revise the lists. The QTdrugs lists have proven to be a valued, readily available, commercial influence-free resource for healthcare providers, patients, researchers, and authors of consensus guidelines for the safe use of medicines.