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关键词： Semantics   Language Acquisition   Phonological Awareness   Adults   Children   Age Differences   Gender Differences   Disabilities   Geographic Location   Difficulty Level   American Sign Language   DeafnessUnited States   Puerto Rico  

摘要： Two key areas of language development include semantic and phonological knowledge. Semantic knowledge relates to word and concept knowledge. Phonological knowledge relates to how language parameters combine to create meaning. We investigated signing deaf adults' and children's semantic and phonological sign generation via one-minute tasks, including animals, foods, and specific handshapes. We investigated the effects of chronological age, age of sign language acquisition/years at school site, gender, presence of a disability, and geographical location (i.e., USA and Puerto Rico) on participants' performance and relations among tasks. In general, the phonological task appeared more difficult than the semantic tasks, students generated more animals than foods, age, and semantic performance correlated for the larger sample of U.S. students, and geographical variation included use of fingerspelling and specific signs. Compared to their peers, deaf students with disabilities generated fewer semantic items. These results provide an initial snapshot of students' semantic and phonological sign generation.

关键词： Noun-verb categorization   Function words   Event related potentials   Early syntactic processing   Brain  

摘要： To comprehend language, listeners need to encode the relationship between words within sentences. This entails categorizing words into their appropriate word classes. Function words, consistently preceding words from specific categories (e.g., the ball(NOUN), I speak(VERB)), provide invaluable information for this task, and children's sensitivity to such adjacent relationships develops early on in life. However, neighboring words are not the sole source of information regarding an item's word class. Here we examine whether young children also take into account preceding sentence context online during syntactic categorization. To address this question, we use the ambiguous French function word la which, depending on sentence context, can either be used as determiner (the, preceding nouns) or as object clitic (it, preceding verbs). French-learning 18-month-olds' evoked potentials (ERPs) were recorded while they listened to sentences featuring this ambiguous function word followed by either a noun or a verb (thus yielding a locally felicitous co-occurrence of la + noun or la + verb). Crucially, preceding sentence context rendered the sentence either grammatical or ungrammatical. Ungrammatical sentences elicited a late positivity (resembling a P600) that was not observed for grammatical sentences. Toddlers' analysis of the unfolding sentence was thus not limited to local co-occurrences, but rather took into account non-adjacent sentence context. These findings suggest that by 18 months of age, online word categorization is already surprisingly robust. This could be greatly beneficial for the acquisition of novel words.

关键词： Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs)   Learning analytics   Clustering   Engagement   Undergraduates   Patterns   Activity  

摘要： Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) are remote courses that excel in their students' heterogeneity and quantity. Due to the peculiarity of being massiveness, the large datasets generated by MOOC platforms require advanced tools and techniques to reveal hidden patterns for purposes of enhancing learning and educational behaviors. This publication offers a research study on using clustering as one of these techniques to portray learners' engagement in MOOCs. It utilizes Learning Analytics techniques to investigate an offered MOOC by Graz University of Technology held for undergraduates. The authors mainly seek to classify students into appropriate categories based on their level of engagement. Clusters afterward are compared with another classical scheme (Cryer's scheme of Elton) for further examination and comparison. The final results of this study show that extrinsic factors are not enough to make students highly committed to the MOOC, yet, adding intrinsic factors are recommended to improve future MOOCs.

关键词： DUALITY   self-dual   oxygen   Generalization   Algebra   Equivalence classes   Category   WWOX gene   Blocks  

摘要： We determine the Ringel duals for all blocks in the parabolic versions of the BGG category associated to a reductive finite-dimensional Lie algebra. In particular, we find that, contrary to the original category and the specific previously known cases in the parabolic setting, the blocks are not necessarily Ringel self-dual. However, the parabolic category as a whole is still Ringel self-dual. Furthermore, we use generalisations of the Ringel duality functor to obtain large classes of derived equivalences between blocks in parabolic and original category . We subsequently classify all derived equivalence classes of blocks of category in type A which preserve the Koszul grading.

关键词： 工程管理   质量保证   重要性  

摘要： 随着国民经济的发展,工程项目数量逐年增多,为了加快项目建设进度,导致一系列项目质量问题出现。在建筑物施工的时间内,对于项目的正确安排处理越来越越有用。在被施工主体,从主体开始到完成都会一直实施正确的安排处理方式,这样会对主体的顺利竣工有很大长帮助。

关键词： 工程管理范畴   工程管理   重要性  

摘要： 项目管理涉及范围非常广泛,管理环境也在变化,约束更为复杂,因此,项目管理过程对管理约束进行全面分析和掌握。项目管理在项目的不同阶段,内容不同的重点。 尽管这些内容的重点不同,但项目管理在所有阶段都很重要。基于此,本文主要分析了项目管理和工程管理的重要性,并提出了一些改善项目管理的措施,旨在提出改进措施,促进施工项目管理水平的提高。

关键词： AUDIOBOOKS   SALES & prices  

摘要： The article announces that data drawn from its database of customer downloads has found that fiction is the most popular category on ***.

关键词： 托幼事业   教育范畴   义务   服务需求   国际性趋势   行业标准   税收减免   社会力量  

摘要： 我国正研究制定符合国情的托幼事业发展规划和行业标准,通过税收减免、适当补贴、用地租房优先等方式,鼓励社会力量开办托儿机构、日托中心等,满足不同层次的育儿服务需求,使托幼服务在数量上、质量上明显提升。学前教育是学校教育赖以延续和发展的重要源头,关乎国民素质的整体提高,制定法律以保障和促进学前教育发展,已成为国际性趋势。

关键词： 关键绩效指标   信息披露   全资附属公司   ESG   供应链风险   社会责任报告   企业人才流失   消费者健康   供应商管理   高级管理层  

摘要： 2015年12月21日,香港交易及结算所有限公司全资附属公司香港联合交易所有限公司（以下简称联交所）发布新版《环境、社会及管治报告指引》（简称ESG指引）。ESG指引中的社会范畴指标分为员工、营运惯例、社区三个类别下的八个层面,披露内容包括每个层面下的一般披露项,和20个关键绩效指标。